Question

give difference between homolytic and heterolytic cleavage?​

Answer 1

Homolytic  Cleavage

When a covalent bond breaks up in such a way thateach atom forming the covalent bond takes away one electron of the shared pair, the cleavage of bond is called homolytic cleavage.

Heterlytic Cleavage

When a covalent bond breaks up in such a way that both the electrons forming the covalent bond takes away only by one of the atoms , the cleavage of bond is called heterlytic cleavage.

Answer 2

Homolytic cleavage produces free radicals and heterolytic cleavage produces ions.

Explanation:

Heterolytic cleavage: A cleavage in which the electrons are unequally share between the two atoms and leads to generation of ions. The more electronegative atom withdraws both electrons and result into formation of anion and the less electronegative element forms a cation.

$AB\rightarrrow A^++B^-$

Homolytic cleavage: A cleavage in which the electrons are equally share between the two atoms and leads to generation of free radicals.

$AB\rightarrow A^.+B^.$

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