Give distinguished characteristics features of anadromous animals
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- (a) a mechanism for dispersal and rapid recolonization of regions suddenly made available to fish (such as the retreat of a glacier);
- (b) being able to get the “best of two worlds” (freshwater and marine). The “best” of the freshwater world involves reduced predation on eggs and juvenile fish because the embryos develop in the protected environment of gravel until they emerge at a large enough size to actively avoid stream-dwelling invertebrate predators. The “best” of the marine world involves higher growth rates for larger maturing fish in the oceans, made possible because in upwelling areas and years of high productivity the regions of the ocean frequented by salmon provide an abundance of larger prey items that far exceeds the prey base of most freshwater ecosystems.
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Anadromous fishes (those that spend most of their lives in the sea but migrate to fresh water to spawn) such as Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) also have unique migratory patterns. After spawning, the adults die.
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