Give five properties each of s, p, d, & f block elements.
Answers
What are S Block Elements?
The s block elements having only one electron in their s-orbital are called group one or alkali metals whereas the s block elements having two electrons filling their s-orbital are called group two or alkaline earth metals.
The electrons present in an atom occupy various sub-orbitals of available energy levels in the order of increasing energy. The last electron of an atom may find itself in either of the s, p, d and f subshells. Accordingly, the elements of the atom having their last valence electron present in the s-suborbital are called the s block elements.
What are F Block Elements?
Elements whose f orbital getting filled up by electrons are called f block elements. These elements have electrons, (1 to 14) in the f orbital, (0 to 1) in the d orbital of the penultimate energy level and in the outermost’s orbital.
There are two series in the f block corresponding to the filling up of 4f and 5f orbitals. The elements are 4f series of Ce to Lu and 5f series of Th to Lw. There are 14 elements filling up the ‘f’ orbital in each series.
What are D Block Elements?
Elements having electrons (1 to 10) present in the d-orbital of the penultimate energy level and in the outer most ‘s’ orbital (1-2) are d block elements. Although electrons do not fill up ‘d’ orbital in the group 12 metals, their chemistry is similar in many ways to that of the preceding groups, and so considered as d block elements.
These elements typically display metallic qualities such as malleability and ductility, high values of electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and good tensile strength. There are four series in the d block corresponding to the filling up of 3d, 4d, 5d or 6d orbitals.
3d- Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn
4d- Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd
5d- La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg
6d- incomplete.
There are 10 elements filling up the ‘d’ orbital in each series.