give geographical reason for each of the following laterite soil is usefull for construction purpose
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Answer:
Red soil requires irrigation because it is made under warm conditions. It is seen mainly in low rainfall areas.
Red soil is red because of Ferric oxide.
The lower layer is reddish yellow or yellow.
Afforestation prevents soil from getting eroded by several ways.
Afforestation will help in binding the soil to the ground on the slope layers.
It will also help in reducing the impact of washing away of the soil due to heavy rainfall.
Laterite soil is red in color because it is rich in Iron and Aluminium.
It is developed due to leaching away of silica on the top of the crust of earth leaving Iron and Aluminium behind.
Answer:
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PMF IAS > Geography > Indian Geography > Major Soil Types of India: Red Soils, Lateritic Soils & Alkaline Soils
Major Soil Types of India: Red Soils, Lateritic Soils & Alkaline Soils
Major Soil Types of India: Alluvial Soils & Black Soils
Iron Ore Distribution across the World
January 23, 2016 by PMF IAS Leave a Comment
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Jatin Verma's IAS Academy
Table of Contents
Red Soils
Characteristics of Red Soils
Chemical Composition of Red Soils
Color of Red Soils
Distribution of Red Soils
Crops in Red Soils
Laterite – Lateritic Soils
Chemical composition of Laterite – Lateritic Soils
Distribution of Laterite – Lateritic Soils
Crops in Laterite – Lateritic Soils
Economic value of Laterite – Lateritic Soils
Forest – Mountain Soils
Distribution of Forest – Mountain Soils
Chemical properties of Forest – Mountain Soils
Crops in Forest – Mountain Soils
Arid – Desert Soils
Distribution of Arid – Desert Soils
Chemical properties of Arid – Desert Soils
Crops of Arid – Desert Soils
Saline – Alkaline Soils
Capillary action
Surface tension
What gives water droplet its shape?
Distribution of Saline – Alkaline Soils
Peaty – Marshy Soils
Distribution of Peaty – Marshy Soils
Chemical Properties of Peaty – Marshy Soils
Crops of Peaty – Marshy Soils
Characteristics of Indian Soils
Problems Of Indian Soils
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Soil Types - Major Soil Groups of India
Red Soils
Red soils along with its minor groups form the largest soil group of India.
The main parent rocks are crystalline and metamorphic rocks like acid granites, gneisses and quartzites.
Characteristics of Red Soils
The texture of these soils can vary from sand to clay, the majority being loams.
On the uplands, the red soils are poor, gravelly, and porous. But in the lower areas they are rich, deep dark and fertile.
Chemical Composition of Red Soils
They are acidic mainly due to the nature of the parent rocks. The alkali content is fair.
They are poor in lime, magnesia, phosphates, nitrogen and humus.
They are fairly rich in potash and potassium.
Color of Red Soils
The red colour is due to the presence of iron oxide.
When limestone, granites, gneisses and quartzites are eroded the clay enclosed within the rocks remains intact with other forms of non-soluble materials.
In oxidizing conditions, rust or iron oxide develops in the clay, when the soil is present above the water table giving the soil a characteristic red colour.
The colour is more due to the wide diffusion rather than high percentage of iron oxide content.
Distribution of Red Soils
These soils mostly occur in the regions of low rainfall.
They occupy about 3.5 lakh sq km (10.6 per cent) of the total area of the country.
These soils are spread on almost the whole of Tamil Nadu.
Other regions with red soil include parts of Karnataka, south-east of Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Chota Nagpur plateau; parts of south Bihar, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh; Aravalis and the eastern half of Rajasthan (Mewar or Marwar Plateau), parts of North-Eastern states.
Crops in Red Soils
The red soils are mostly loamy and hence cannot retain water like the black soils.
The red soils, with the proper use of fertilizers and irrigation techniques, give good yield of cotton, wheat, rice, pulses, millets, tobacco, oil seeds, potatoes and fruits.
Laterite – Lateritic Soils
Laterite soils are mostly the end products of weathering.
They are formed under conditions of high temperature and heavy rainfall with alternate wet and dry periods.
Heavy rainfall promotes leaching (nutrients gets washed away by water) of soil whereby lime and silica are leached away and a soil rich in oxides of iron and aluminium compounds is left behind.
‘Laterite’ means brick in Latin. They harden greatly on loosing moisture.
Laterite soils are red in colour due to little clay and more gravel of red sand-stones.
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