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ANS-4
(i) Indian Agriculture is mainly of intensive subsistence type.
(ii) It is mainly practised in areas of high population pressure on land.
(iii) It is labour intensive farming where high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining high yields.
(iv) Farmers continue to take maximum output from the limited land with absence of alternate source of livelihood which leads to enormous pressure on agricultural land.
(v) The right of inheritance has led to division of land among successive generations and rendered the size of land holding uneconomical.
ANS-5
1. India is basically an agriculture-based country with 80% of its population in rural areas, whereas in the US, only a small number of people are involved in farming.
2. The average farm holdings in the India are of small sizes (2-3 hectares), whereas in the US, the farm holdings are large (250 hectares).
3. The farmer in US makes sure that soil and water resources meet the needs of the crop. But in India due to inadequate supply of water and fertile soil, farmers have to purchase high yielding variety (HYV) seeds from market every year.
4. Indian farming is labor intensive and traditional methods of farming like plowing is used, whereas, in the US, heavy and advanced machinery is used for farming which is capital intensive.
5. In US the farmer owns a storage facility in the farm where he stores the crops before sending it to market. Where in India, sells his crops in the mandi / market located in the nearby town. Since majority of the farmers do not have storage facilities and crops rot most of the time.
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