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Diagonal AC divides the parallelogram into two triangles △ABC and △ADC.
In △ABC and △ADC:
∵ AD||BC
∠BAC = ∠DCA ( By alternate angle)
AC = AC (Common side)
∠BCA = ∠DAC ( By alternate angle)
In these two triangles, one side and two angles made on this side are equal.
Therefore by ASA rule of congruence:
△ABC ≅ △ADC.
Since, both these triangles are congruent. So, all the corresponding sides and angles of one triangle are equal to that of the other.
∴ AD= BC
And AB = CD.
Therefore, it is proved that the diagonal of a parallelogram divides it into two congruent triangles and also opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal.
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