Give me the rules of narration
Explain briefly
Answers
Basics Rules of NounBasic Rules of VerbBasic Rules of Subject-Verb AgreementBasic Rules of ConditionalsWhat Is Narration?
When we express someone’s words in our own words, it is called – “Indirect Speech” and when we express someone’s words as it is, it is called – “Direct Speech“.
Example: They said, “We will be partying tonight.” (Direct Speech)
They said that they would be partying that night. (Indirect Speech)
Some of the rules for changing “Direct Speech” into “Indirect Speech” are:Reporting verb is changed according to the form and sense of the sentence.Inverted commas are removed in the indirect-speech.Connective word is used in the beginning of the reported speech.Verb of the reported speech is changed according to the form and sense of the sentence.Persons & Helping Verbs of the reported speech are changed.
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How to Increase Calculation Speed to Crack Bank Exams?English Grammar Rules that Can Get You ConfusedRules of change of PronounsNominativePossessiveObjectiveReflexiveIMyMeMyselfWeOurUsOurselvesYouYoursYouYourselfHeHisHimHimselfSheHerHerHerselfTheyTheirThemThemselves
Pronouns are changed as per the SON
Rule No 1.
1st Person of pronoun of Reported speech is changed according to the Subject of Reporting verb of the sentence.
Direct: He says, “I am in ninth class.”
Indirect: He says that she is in ninth class.
Rule No 2.
2nd Person of pronoun of Reported speech is changed according to Object of Reporting verb in the sentence.
Direct: He says to me, “you have done your work”
Indirect: He tells me that I have done my work.
Rule No 3.
3rd Person of Pronoun of Reported speech is not changed.
Direct: She says, “He does not work hard”
Indirect: She says that he does not work hard.
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Rule No.1
When reporting verb is given in Present or Future tense then there will be no change in the verb or tense of Reported speech in the sentence.
Direct: The teacher says, “Ram performs on the stage”
Indirect: The teacher says that Ram performs on the stage.
Direct: The teacher is saying, “Ram performs on the stage”
Indirect: The teacher is saying that Ram performs on the stage.
Rule No.2
When the reporting verb is given in Past tense then the tense of the verb of Reported Speech will change into corresponding Past tense.
Direct: The teacher said, “I am suffering from cancer.”
Indirect: The teacher said that she was suffering from cancer.
Changes from past form in an indirect speech from the verb in Reported speech.
Simple present changes to Simple PastPresent Continuous changes to Past ContinuousPresent Perfect changes to Past PerfectPresent Perfect Continuous changes to Past Perfect ContinuousSimple Past changes to Past PerfectPast Continuous changes to Past Perfect ContinuousIn Future Tense will/Shall changes to wouldCan changes to CouldMay changes to Might
Exceptional cases of Rule 2
Exception 1:
When the Reporting speech has Universal Truth or Habitual fact then there is no change in the Tense.
Direct: Our teacher said, “The Mars is round”
Indirect: Our teacher said that the mars is round.( Universal Truth)
Exception 2:
When the reporting speech has Past Historical Fact then there is no change in the Tense.
Exception 3:
When the Reporting speech has two actions to be happening at a time when there is no change in the Tense.
Direct: He said “My sister was making lunch when I was studying”
Indirect: He said that his sister was making lunch when she was studying.
Exception 4:
When Reporting speech has some Imagined Condition then there is no change in the Tense.
Direct: He said, “If I were rich, I would help him.”
Indirect: He said that if he were rich he would help him.
Also Read,
Basic Rules of PrepositionsBasic Rules Of Adjectives
Some other changes that take place when we change Direct Speech to
Note:-In an indirect speech we talk about such incidents that have happened after the time of reporting and had happened away from the place of reporting therefore the words that show nearness has to be replaced by the words that
When reporting verb is given in Present or Future tense then there will be no change in the verb or tense of Reported speech in the sentence.
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Some other changes that take place when we change Direct Speech to Indirect Speech.
Here Changes to There
Ago Changes to Before
Thus Changes to so
Hence Changes to ᴛʜᴇɴᴄᴇ
ɴɪᴄᴇ ʙɪᴏ ꜱɪꜱᴏ