Question

Give one similarity and one difference between distillation and

fractional distillation.

(b). Write basic principles behind:

(i) Centrifugation (ii) Sublimation​

Answer 1

The similarity and difference between distillation and fractional distillation are as follows:

Similarity:

• Both distillation and fractional distillation can be used to separate miscible liquids from one another.

Difference:

• Fractional distillation has a higher efficiency and can be used to separate two miscible liquids having boiling point difference less than 25 Kelvin.

• However normal distillation can only separate miscible liquids if the difference in boiling point is > 25 Kelvin.

Basic principles behind centrifugation and sublimation are as follows:

• Centrifugation is a procedure in which contents are placed in high speed revolving instrument such that the centrifugal force can separate the components within the specimen. For example : separation of components of blood.

• Sublimation is a process in which a solid phase particle directly gets converted to gaseous phase and can help in separation. For example : Dry CO2 or napthalene balls.

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