Question

Give point wise summary from the chapter Nazism and the Rise of Hitler for class 9th.

Answer 1

Adolf Hitler was born on 20 April 1889 in Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary.

Hitler was against the Jews and killed many of them.

Democratic constitution with a federal structure was formed by the National Assembly after the loss of Germany in the World War-I and had a meeting at Weimar.

Many Germans accused the Weimar Republic for harsh and humiliating Versailles treaty.

The First World War had a great impact on the European Society and Polity.

Along with the Weimar Republic there came another revolutionary uprising called Spartacist League which was based on the pattern of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and demanded Soviet style governance.

Germany fought the war on loans and had to pay war reparations only in gold which depleted the gold reserves when there was a scarcity for resource.

As a result of reckless printing of paper currency, the value of the German mark collapsed and prices of goods soared.

Germany came out of the difficult situation with the introduction of Dawes Plan by the Americans.

The national income of the US fell by nearly 50% between 1929 and 1932due to the Great Economic Depression.

The Great Economic Depression in the USA had a great effect on Germany.

The people shattered by the treaty of Versailles and the political and economic crisis, were very easily drawn towards the Nazism through Nazi propaganda which projected Hitler as a saviour.

Hitler was able to attract the people with his powerful speeches. He also made a number of promises.

Answer 2

The Second World War was the most destructive event of modern times and the first time when nuclear weapons were used. The warring countries were divided into two military alliances—the allied powers and the axis powers. The allied powers were led by the United States, the United Kingdom and France. The axis powers were led by Germany, Italy and Japan.

Germany was the reason for conflict led by Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist German Workers’ Party or the Nazi Party. Adolf Hitler was the leader of Germany from 1933 to 1945. During his government, Germany was called as Nazi Germany.

Nazi Germany followed the ideology called Nazism or National Socialism that promoted violent practices to restore German pride. In September 1939, to conquer more land and resources for Germany, Hitler invaded Poland, sparking off world war two.

In the end of World War in 1945, the Allied Powers demanded justice from the defeated Axis Powers, especially Germany. A Tribunal was set up in the German city of Nuremberg to prosecute Nazi leaders. Nazi Germany’s efforts to eliminate the Jews and other communities are referred to as genocidal crimes. The term Genocide was coined in 1944 to describe the act of destroying a community based on nationalism, racism, religion or ethnicity.

At the Nuremberg Trials Hitler and his Nazi government were accused of committing genocide against Jews. Hitler was not tried at Nuremberg because he committed suicide a month before world war two ended.

The genocide committed by Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945 is referred to as the Holocaust.