Give reason___ Excessive use of fossil fules is leading to carbon monoxide poisoning
Answers
Answer:
Fossil fuels contain carbon (C) and hydrogen (H). During complete combustion carbon and hydrogen combine with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). During incomplete combustion part of the carbon is not completely oxidized producing soot or carbon monoxide (CO). Incomplete combustion uses fuel inefficiently and the carbon monoxide produced is a health hazard.
A properly designed, adjusted, and maintained gas flame produces only small amounts of carbon monoxide, with 400 parts per million (ppm) being the maximum allowed in flue products. Most burners produce much less, with between 0 and 50 ppm being typical. During incomplete combustion, carbon monoxide concentrations may reach levels above 7,000 ppm. Even a small amount of spillage into occupied structures from appliances producing large amounts of CO is a health risk and can be a threat to life.
Incomplete combustion occurs because of:
* Insufficient mixing of air and fuel.
* Insufficient air supply to the flame.
* Insufficient time to burn.
*Cooling of the flame temperature before combustion is complete.
Typical reasons for incomplete combustion in residential heating appliances include:
* Blocked vent systems.
* Blocked flue passages in heating appliances.
* Air shutter on burner not opened sufficiently.
* Gas orifices too large or too small (usually too large).
* Manifold gas pressure too high or low (usually too high).
* Rust, scale, or soot on burner.
* Burner installed incorrectly.
* Flame impinging on cold surface.
* Insufficient combustion air to appliance.
* Downdrafting of vent system.
* Failure of power-vent or induced draft blowers.
* Loss of integrity of the heat exchanger (cracked, rusted, or holes in heat exchanger).
* Physical disturbance of the flame (i.e., strong air currents blowing on the flame.)
To reduce the risks of CO poisoning, obtain and follow carefully all the manufacturers’ recommendations for inspection and maintenance. The following are recommended additional steps for servicing and inspecting gas heating appliances:
1. Visually inspect the burner and flame, looking for rust, soot, discoloration, and abnormal flame color or pattern.
2. Visually check the heating appliance for evidence of flame roll-out, downdrafting, and spillage. Burned wires, soot, rust, scale, and “tracking” of combustion products are signs of problems.
3. Check the vent system for proper design, integrity, and draft.
4. Check adequacy of combustion air and make-up air.
5. Verify that vent system functions under “worst-case” depressurization of the dwelling.
6. Check flue passages in appliance for blockage or restriction– clean if necessary.
7. Visually inspect heat exchanger for integrity.
8. Check manifold gas pressures using a manometer and adjust if necessary.
9. Check gas flow rate to appliance (on metered appliances).
10. Measure CO in flue products using an electronic CO analyzer with digital display.
Additional steps which help determine the cause of a heating appliance carbon monoxide problem include:
11. Verify proper combustion using a combustion analyzer with capability to measure carbon monoxide and oxygen content.
12. Determine leakage areas and pressure differences in the structure and vent system using a blower door and micromanometer.
13. Check for proper gas orifice size.
14. Continuously monitor carbon monoxide concentrations in the structure.
Explanation:
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Fossil fuels contain carbon (C) and hydrogen (H). During complete combustion carbon and hydrogen combine with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). During incomplete combustion part of the carbon is not completely oxidized producing soot or carbon monoxide (CO). Incomplete combustion uses fuel inefficiently and the carbon monoxide produced is a health hazard.
A properly designed, adjusted, and maintained gas flame produces only small amounts of carbon monoxide, with 400 parts per million (ppm) being the maximum allowed in flue products. Most burners produce much less, with between 0 and 50 ppm being typical. During incomplete combustion, carbon monoxide concentrations may reach levels above 7,000 ppm. Even a small amount of spillage into occupied structures from appliances producing large amounts of CO is a health risk and can be a threat to life.
Incomplete combustion occurs because of:
* Insufficient mixing of air and fuel.
* Insufficient air supply to the flame.
* Insufficient time to burn.
*Cooling of the flame temperature before combustion is complete.
Typical reasons for incomplete combustion in residential heating appliances include:
* Blocked vent systems.
* Blocked flue passages in heating appliances.
* Air shutter on burner not opened sufficiently.
* Gas orifices too large or too small (usually too large).
* Manifold gas pressure too high or low (usually too high).
* Rust, scale, or soot on burner.
* Burner installed incorrectly.
* Flame impinging on cold surface.
* Insufficient combustion air to appliance.
* Downdrafting of vent system.
* Failure of power-vent or induced draft blowers.
* Loss of integrity of the heat exchanger (cracked, rusted, or holes in heat exchanger).
* Physical disturbance of the flame (i.e., strong air currents blowing on the flame.)