Give reason for the following statement:
a. sugar plants are mainly located in Uttar Pradesh.
b. Earthquake occurred in the coastal belt of the Pacific Ocean
c. The Battle of Buxar (1764) was fought
d. The English wanted to educate Indians on the Western pattern
e. Removal of the judges is very tough
Answers
Answer:
1) Eastern Uttar Pradesh has a number of mills including large as well as small and
ancillaries units because of availability of sufficient amount of sugarcane in this
area. It has fertile plain which is highly suitable for cultivation of sugarcane, but
many factors related to sugarcane cultivation as well as sugar mills have pushed
the sugar industry to be agglomerated at some places which ultimately brought
regional variation in distribution patterns and grouped in some clusters. This paper
analyses the distribution pattern and clustering of sugar industry in eastern Uttar
Pradesh. The study is based on primary as well as secondary data including number
of industrial units, capital investment and involved employment. Out of total 30
working mills, 25 mills make clusters occupying eight districts, i.e., Kushinagar,
Deoria, Gorakhpur, Mahrajganj and Bahraich, Balrampur, Gonda, Basti. These
clusters are located in the Saryupar plain as well as Tarai region which show that
sugar industry is exclusively developed in intensive sugarcane production areas.
(2) Earthquakes near the plate boundary off the coast of Pacific Ocean
The Philippine Sea Plate is subducting toward the Chugoku-Shikoku region from the Nankai Trough, which lies in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Shikoku (Fig.8-3).
The earthquakes that occur near the plate boundary off the coast of Shikoku are classified as (a) interplate earthquakes that occur due to the slipping movement at the boundary between the subducting Philippine Sea Plate and the land plate and (b) earthquakes that occur in somewhat deeper areas within the subducting Philippine Sea Plate.
1) Interplate earthquakes caused by the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate
Great earthquakes of this type have occurred along the Nankai Trough. The seismic ground motion from these earthquakes creates damage over a wide area, and generates tsunami that cause damage on the Pacific Ocean coast from the Kanto region to the Kyushu-Okinawa region. Some of the largest earthquakes in Japan have been of this type. An example is the 1707 Hoei earthquake (M 8.4), with a broad source region from the western part of Suruga Bay to western Shikoku. These earthquakes have recurred in the past, and there are many accounts of them in historical records.
One of these older earthquakes occurred in 684. In addition to damage caused by the seismic ground motion throughout the region, records indicate that many ships were sunk by the tsunami at Tosa, and that fields were submerged due to the crustal deformation. Later earthquakes occurred in 887, 1096 and 1099, 1361, 1498, 1605, 1707, 1854, 1944 and 1946. Therefore, great earthquakes of M 8 or so have recurred at intervals of 100-150 years along the Nankai Trough.
The area in which these great earthquakes occur is somewhat defined. Those earthquakes whose source region extends from off the coast of Shikoku to off the coast of the Kii Peninsula are called Nankai Earthquakes. Earthquakes whose source region is further east than that of Nankai Earthquakes are called Tokai earthquakes. The forthcoming Tokai Earthquake, which are the cause of great concern has a source region along the Suruga Trough. Compared to the Tokai earthquakes of the past, this source region is much smaller.
The great earthquakes along the Nankai Trough have occurred either simultaneously or in a series in adjoining source regions. Many of those that have continued in a series have started on the east side (Tokai Earthquake) and later moved to the west side (Nankai Earthquake). For example, these great earthquakes can occur over several months or years, such as the 1944 Tonankai Earthquake (M 7.9) followed two years later by the 1946 Nankai Earthquake (M 8.0). In other cases, this series can occur over a very short time, such as the December 23, 1854 Ansei Tokai Earthquake (M 8.4), followed 32 hours later, on December 24, by the Ansei Nankai Earthquake (M 8.4). In addition, two earthquakes have occurred almost simultaneously in the Tokai area and the Nankai area. An example is the 1605 Keicho Earthquake (M 7.9) and the 1707 Hoei Earthquake (M 8.4), which are thought to have occurred over the entire sea area from Tokai to Nankai.
Explanation: