Give reasons-(a)sodium and pottasium is added in kerosene. (b)phosphorus is stored in water.
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Sodium stored in kerosene , not in water because sodium metal is very reactive kept in 1st group, it catches fire even when it exposed to air. With water sodium metal react violently with explode, during this alot of energy is released with light.. This is hydration of sodium and hydration phenomenon is exothermic reaction .Thus sodium catches fire in water...
Why is sodium kept immersed in kerosene oil?
Sodium belongs to the third group of the modern periodic table, which means a sodium atom has 3 shells. It has 2 electrons in the first shell, 8 in the second and 1 in the last shell. To gain stability it can either complete its octet in the outermost shell by gaining 7 more electrons or can loose one electron to eliminate the outermost shell. As per energy requirements it is easier for the sodium atom to loose one electron. Further, since the third shell is not very close to the nucleus, the nuclear force (which is attractive in nature) is not very dominant here. Hence it becomes very easy for the sodium atom to loose the electron in the outermost shell. This tendency to easily loose the single electron in its outermost shell makes it a really reactive substance. It reacts as soon as it comes in contact with air (oxygen) and so it is kept emersed in kerosene.
White phosphorus is a translucent white solid , is poisonous and insoluble in water. It glows in the dark (Chemiluminiscence). It is less stable and hence , more reactive. It is soluble in Carbon disulphide. Its molecular formula is P4.
Why it is stored under water ?
Because it is highly reactive, and spontaneously combusts when exposed to the air.
Chemiluminescence is the production of light from a chemical reaction. Two chemicals react to form an excited (high-energy) intermediate, which breaks down releasing some of its energy as photons of light to reach its ground state.
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Why is sodium kept immersed in kerosene oil?
Sodium belongs to the third group of the modern periodic table, which means a sodium atom has 3 shells. It has 2 electrons in the first shell, 8 in the second and 1 in the last shell. To gain stability it can either complete its octet in the outermost shell by gaining 7 more electrons or can loose one electron to eliminate the outermost shell. As per energy requirements it is easier for the sodium atom to loose one electron. Further, since the third shell is not very close to the nucleus, the nuclear force (which is attractive in nature) is not very dominant here. Hence it becomes very easy for the sodium atom to loose the electron in the outermost shell. This tendency to easily loose the single electron in its outermost shell makes it a really reactive substance. It reacts as soon as it comes in contact with air (oxygen) and so it is kept emersed in kerosene.
White phosphorus is a translucent white solid , is poisonous and insoluble in water. It glows in the dark (Chemiluminiscence). It is less stable and hence , more reactive. It is soluble in Carbon disulphide. Its molecular formula is P4.
Why it is stored under water ?
Because it is highly reactive, and spontaneously combusts when exposed to the air.
Chemiluminescence is the production of light from a chemical reaction. Two chemicals react to form an excited (high-energy) intermediate, which breaks down releasing some of its energy as photons of light to reach its ground state.
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- But zinc is more reactive than copper. Therefore, copper cannot displace zinc from its salt solution. (d) Sodium and potassium are stored in kerosene because they are highly reactive elements. They can easily catch fire even when in contact with air.
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