Question

Give reasons
d) Soil is treated with an acid or a base before growing plants in an area.
e) Why do we use indicators?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Soil pH or soil reaction is an indication of the acidity or alkalinity of soil and is measured in pH units. Soil pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. The pH scale goes from 0 to 14 with pH 7 as the neutral point. As the amount of hydrogen ions in the soil increases the soil pH decreases thus becoming more acidic. From pH 7 to 0 the soil is increasingly more acidic and from pH 7 to 14 the soil is increasingly more alkaline or basic.

Descriptive terms commonly associated with certain ranges in soil pH are:

Extremely acid: < than 4.5; lemon=2.5; vinegar=3.0; stomach acid=2.0; soda=2–4

Very strongly acid: 4.5–5.0; beer=4.5–5.0; tomatoes=4.5

Strongly acid: 5.1–5.5; carrots=5.0; asparagus=5.5; boric acid=5.2; cabbage=5.3

Moderately acid: 5.6–6.0; potatoes=5.6

Slightly acid: 6.1–6.5; salmon=6.2; cow's milk=6.5

Neutral: 6.6–7.3; saliva=6.6–7.3; blood=7.3; shrimp=7.0

Slightly alkaline: 7.4–7.8; eggs=7.6–7.8

Moderately alkaline: 7.9–8.4; sea water=8.2; sodium bicarbonate=8.4

Strongly alkaline: 8.5–9.0; borax=9.0

Very strongly alkaline: > than 9.1; milk of magnesia=10.5, ammonia=11.1; lime=12

Explanation:

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Answer 2

d) Basic soil is treated with organic matter, whereas acidic soil is treated with a base. This is done in order to neutralize the soil.

e) Physical, chemical, and biological features, processes, and traits that may be quantified to monitor changes in the soil are known as soil quality indicators.

Explanation:

d) Soil is treated with an acid or a base:

• Excessive use of chemical fertilizers in fields causes soil to become acidic, which is detrimental to plant development.
• More acidity or basicity in the soil reduces its fertility.
• As a result, quick lime or slaked lime is put into the soil to lower acidity.
• Organic materials in the form of manure are mixed in the soil if the soil is basic.

e)  indicators usage in soil:

• Chemical indicators can tell you about the balance between soil solution (soil water and nutrients) and exchange sites (clay particles, organic matter); plant health.
• The nutritional needs of plant and soil animal communities; and the levels of soil contaminants and their availability for uptake by animals and plants.