Question

Give reasons for the following: (a) Formic acid is stronger than acetic acid.​

Answer 1

When both compounds are compared, the methyl group is more electron donating than the hydrogen atom.But in acetic acid, its conjugate base, i.e. acetate anion has a methyl group. It has the ability to destabilize the negative charge on the oxygen. Hence we can say that formic acid is more acidic than acetic acid.

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Answer 2

Answer:

because formic acid does not have any electron releasing group thus removal of proton is easier.

Explanation:

In acetic acid, CH3COOH, the electron releasing –CH3 group increases the negative charge on the carboxyl group, making loss of proton more difficult. On other hand HCOOH formic acid does not have any electron releasing group thus removal of proton is easier. Thus, formic acid is stronger than acetic acid.