Give reasons for the following. (i) A pencil dipped in water appears bent at the the surface of the water. (ii) the bottom of a glass of water appears raised when seen from above.
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Explanation:
1) The pencil appears to be bent when it is kept in a glass tumbler with water due to refraction of light. The refraction of light occurs when the speed of light changes when it travels from one medium to another.
2)As light is entering into an optically denser medium from a rarer medium , the light rays bend towards the normal and the object appears to be raised.
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