Question

give reasons-why the bottom of the ships are made heavy?​

Answer 1

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The bottom of a monohull sailboat - the keel - is made heavy so that as the wind blows over the sail, tipping the boat over, the weight of the keel provides a counteracting torque.

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Answer 2

1.) If you are speaking structurally ,the bottom of the ship is heavily structured with the keel ,double bottom and the plate thickness of the bottom plates of the ship shell plating are far more higher than that of the other areas. This would bring down the neutral axis of bending downside. The distance from the neutral axis is more at the deck plate's areas and this means more bending stress effects are at the deck areas compared to the bottom keel area. So, the deck area is prompt to cracks due to material failure in case of excessive bending.

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