Question

Give the appropriate word/ words for the following statements: [5 marks]

(i) Experiment to prove the high solubility of hydrogen chloride gas in water.

(ii) Arrangement used to prevent back suction in the laboratory preparation of

hydrochloric acid.

(iii) Energy released when an electron is added to the outermost shell of an atom

in the gaseous state to form an anion.

(iv) Weak forces of attraction between the atoms in a covalent compound.

(v) Occurrence of properties of elements at definite intervals in the modern

periodic table when elements are arranged in the increasing order of atomic

number.​

Answer 1

Answer:

(i)The arrangement of the fountain experiment is as shown in the figure. As the dropper containing water is squeezed in the flask, a red coloured fountain is obtained. This shows that HCl gas present in the flask dissolves in water due to its high solubility.

(ii) An inverted funnel is placed in the collecting water flask. This arrangement prevents the back-suction of water and also provides large surface area for the maximum absorption of HCl gas.

Electron affinity is a measure of the energy released when an extra electron is added to an atom. Electron affinities are measured in the gaseous state. In general, electron affinities become more negative as we move from left to right on the periodic table

In molecular structures, there are weak forces of attraction. Such covalent substances are low-boiling-temperature liquids (such as ethanol), and low-melting-temperature solids (such as iodine and solid CO2).

Occurrence of characteristic properties of elements takes place at definite intervals in the modern periodic table. ... Occurrence of characteristic properties of elements takes place at definite intervals in the modern periodic table

The periodic table of elements arranges all of the known chemical elements in an informative array. Elements are arranged from left to right and top to bottom in order of increasing atomic number. Order generally coincides with increasing atomic mass. The rows are called periods.