Give the classification of plant kingdom
Answers
Answer:
The Kingdom of Plants – Kindom Plantae!
Once you know the basic stuff, it then becomes easier to know in detail about each plant. Biologist Whittaker gave us the Five Kingdom Classification, classifying all the living organisms into five kingdoms – Protista, Monera, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
hope it helps
Explanation:
Characteristics of Kindom Plantae
The plant kingdom has the following characteristic features:
They are non-motile.
They usually reproduce sexually.
They follow the autotrophic mode of nutrition.
These are multicellular eukaryotes with cell wall and vacuoles.
These contain photosynthetic pigments called chlorophyll in the plastids.
They ave different organelles for anchorage, reproduction, support and photosynthesis.
Classification of Kingdom Plantae
A plant kingdom is a vast group; therefore, the kingdom is further classified into subgroups. Levels of classification are based on the following three criteria:
Plant body: whether the body has well-differentiated structures or not.
Vascular system: whether the plant has a vascular system for the transportation of substances or not
Seed formation: whether the plant bears flowers and seeds or not; if it does, then whether it is enclosed within fruits or not.
Considering all these factors, the plant kingdom has been classified into five subgroups. They are as follows:
Thallophyta
Bryophyta
Pteridophyta
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
1_Thallophyta:
All the plants that lack a well-differentiated body structure belong to the subgroup Thallophyta.Thallophytes commonly include members with primitive and simple body designs such as green algae and brown algae. The majority of them are aquatic. Common examples are Spirogyra, Chara, Ulothrix, etc
2_Bryophytes: have differentiated plant body like stem, leaf structures. But they lack a vascular system for the transportation of substances across the plant body. Bryophytes are found in both land and aquatic habitats, hence are known as amphibians of the plant kingdom. Mosses and Marchantia belong to this subgroup
Pteridophyta
Pteridophytes have well-differentiated structures such as stem, root, leaves as well as a vascular system.
4_Gymnosperms : are plants that have well-differentiated plant body, vascular system and they bear seeds. The term is derived from Greek words, gymno: naked and sperma: seed. The seeds of gymnosperms are naked which means they are not enclosed within a fruit. The perennial, evergreen woody trees belong to this group. Pines, deodar, redwood, etc. are a few examples.
5_Angiosperms: are also seed-bearing plants with well-differentiated plant body. The word is derived from Greek words: angio: covered and sperma: seed. Unlike gymnosperms, seeds of angiosperms are enclosed inside the fruits. Angiosperms are commonly known as flowering plants. Examples include the Mango tree, pomegranate plant, etc. Seeds germinate from embryonic leaves called cotyledons.
Depending on the number of cotyledons present in seeds, angiosperms are divided into two: monocotyledons or monocots and dicotyledons or dicots
Cryptogams and Phanerogams
The plant kingdom has also been classified into two groups ‘cryptogams’ and ‘phanerogams’ based on their seed formation ability.
Cryptogams are plants that do not have well-developed or conspicuous reproductive organs. They have hidden reproductive organs and don’t produce seeds. The thallophytes, the bryophytes and the pteridophytes are ‘cryptogams’. Reproduction in all three groups occurs through spore formation.
Plants that have conspicuous reproductive organs and produce seeds are called phanerogams. Gymnosperms and Angiosperms belong to the group phanerogams.