give the components of xylem. give its functions
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Vascular tiisue system of the plant helps in the transportation of water and food in the plant.
Xylem – This tissue helps in the transport of water and dissolved substances throughout the plant. The different components of the xylem include tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres.
*Tracheids form the main conductive cells of some non-flowering plants. Water moves from the cell to cell through side walls. These cells aer elongated cells with tapering ends. These cells with cell walls bear spiral, pitted or bordered-pitted thickenings.
*Vessels are advanced water conductive elements mostly seen in flowering plants. The cell walls are thickened with lignin. These provide rigidity and resistance to the cell walland prevents it from collapsing during excess transpiration.
*Xylem parenchyma are the living cells of the xylem. They perform functions like secretion and storage.
*Xylem fibres are midway between tracheids and xylem parenchyma (libriform fibres). They provide lot of support to the plants.
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Xylem – This tissue helps in the transport of water and dissolved substances throughout the plant. The different components of the xylem include tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres.
*Tracheids form the main conductive cells of some non-flowering plants. Water moves from the cell to cell through side walls. These cells aer elongated cells with tapering ends. These cells with cell walls bear spiral, pitted or bordered-pitted thickenings.
*Vessels are advanced water conductive elements mostly seen in flowering plants. The cell walls are thickened with lignin. These provide rigidity and resistance to the cell walland prevents it from collapsing during excess transpiration.
*Xylem parenchyma are the living cells of the xylem. They perform functions like secretion and storage.
*Xylem fibres are midway between tracheids and xylem parenchyma (libriform fibres). They provide lot of support to the plants.
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(1). Tracheids
Tracheids are the fundamental cell type in the xylem. They are elongated tube like cells with tapering ends and chisel like in appearance. The cells are non-living at their maturity and the mature cells are empty without protoplast.
(2). Vessels
Vessels (also called as trachea) are the second category of xylem elements composed of short and tube like cells. Vessels are arranged as a series in an end to end fashion to the long axis of the organ in which they occur.
3). Xylem Fibres
Xylem fibres are the third components of xylem and it is also called as xylem fibres
(4). Xylem Parenchyma
Xylem parenchyma is the fourth component of xylem. It is the only living component in the xylem. The cells are with plenty of cytoplasm and prominent nucleus. They have thin cellulosic cell wall.
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