Give the importance of the following in living beings:
(a) Nitrogen
(b) Hydrogen.
(c) Carbon
Answers
Answer:
Nitrogen - Nitrogen is essential for all living things because it is a major part of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins and of nucleic acids such as DNA, which transfers genetic information to subsequent generations of organisms. About 78 percent of the atmosphere is made of nitrogen, but plants and animals can't take nitrogen directly from the air. A process called the nitrogen cycle makes this happen.
Hydrogen - Hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant element in the entire universe. According to astrophysicist David Palmer, about 75 percent of all the known elemental matter that exists is composed of hydrogen. The nucleus of a hydrogen atom is made out of a single proton, which is a positively charged particle. One electron orbits around the outside of the nucleus. Neutrons, which can be found in all other elements, do not exist in the most common form of hydrogen.
Carbon - There are certain key molecules that are a big part of our bodies and the bodies of other living organisms. Proteins, for example, form almost our entire bodies, and proteins on Earth are based on carbon. Nucleic acids are vitally important to animal life, and indeed also contain carbon. Carbohydrates and lipids (fats) are also major parts of the bodies of animals like us. All of these things are reliant on carbon. For this reason, life on Earth is known as carbon-based life, or life that contains building blocks that are made up of combinations of carbon and other elements.
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