Give the names of any two animals that produce ultrasonic sounds and explain how they use these sound waves?
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Answers
★ Question :-
Give the names of any two animals that produce ultrasonic sounds and explain how they use these sound waves .
★ Answer :-
There are many animals which use echolocation or produce ultrasonic sounds like Bats, Elephants, Dolphins, Beluga Whales, moths and Owls. They use this for their personal purposes like location and travelling . Mostly these animals use the method of echolocation and thus have hearing capacity of above 20 kHz which helps them to hear these types of sounds.
Let's understand to the functioning of two animals on how they use it.
• Dolphins ::
Dolphins use echolocation which helps them to locate different objects and things in water. For communication purposes they produce many different types of sounds whistling, crackling, continuous clicking, etc. which is produced using high vocal pichtes so that other dolphins can understand it. The pods present on the front part of dolphins help them to decipher these ultrasonic sound waves emitted by other dolphins by which they can understand that who is emitting that.
They can produce this sound by thei mouths. When dolphins produce these sound, these sound waves travel in the medium in forms of waves. Other objects can't understand it thus they cannot even feel it especially those who don't have capacity to hear ultrasonic sounds. These waves when reach to the body of other objects/animals does not completely páss through their body. Instead some get reflected back and reach back to dolphins. When these waves reach back, they can derive different information from these waves.
Their brain functioning is set up in such a way that whenever they receive this echo (reflected back sound wave) then they can make a visual and virtual image of object from which it reflected. Even the time taken by the echo to return gives dolphins information that at how much distance is the object.
This echolocation helps them to contact with each other, locate food and cliffs, travel, etc.
• Bats ::
Bats work in a similar way like dolphins. They too use this echolocation to determine many things. Bats when emit the ultrasonic sound waves, then these waves travel in medium in the form of waves in different directions. When the body of an animal especially insects, these waves cannot completely páss through their body and hence some part of it gets reflected back. When this echo (reflected back sound) reach to the bats, they absorb it back and thus these signals go into its brain. Thus their brain transforms this information and derives details about objects from which it was reflected back. They can form virtual and visual image, find the distance between them and object and thus locate their food. Bats use this ultrasonic sound waves especially echolocation for many purposes. This is because they have negligible eyesight. The reason is because they have eyesight which works feebly in day time and at day time bats sleep and take rest. At night, their eyesight becomes zero and thus they cannot see anything. Hence they use this technique for different purposes.
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★ More to know :-
• Echolocation : It is the process by which different organisms locate different things by echo especially ultrasonic sounds.
• Ultrasonic Sounds : These are sound waves that are not heard but humans but most of the animals. These are very high frequency sound which has frequency of 20 kHz and above.
• Whistle Sound : These are sharp and high tone sounds mostly has same frequency throughout.
Question:-
- Give the names of any two animals that produce ultrasonic sounds and explain how they use these sound waves?
Answer:-
- Dolphins and bats are the two animals that ultrasonic sounds
Bats:-
- In around 1800s scientists were curious to find that bats could fly and avoid obstacles in complete darkness because they found that even the ones which were completely blind could also do this suggesting that they were not relying on their eyes however surprisingly when they put a plug in their ears temporarily making them deaf they failed miserably.
Does this mean that bats see with their ears?
While kind of after a lot of research people found that bats continuously emit pulses of sound of ultrasonic frequencies and ultrasonic means a frequency higher than 20,000 Hertz and because humans can hear up to max of 20,000 Hertz you and cannot year this sound.
Can you imagine how noisy it would be around bats
But how does this help well when this sound goes and hits some obstacle it reflects back and the bats can hear this reflected sound in other words they can hear an echo of their own voice. Now depending on how long it takes for these bats to hear their own echoes they can estimate how far an obstacle is.
For example, if it takes a long time for them to hear their echoes it means the obstacle is far away.
Dolphins:-
The way they glide through the water and jump through the air is really magical. They are not only adorable but they also have the unique ability to navigate and hunt in the darkness of the ocean depths where little light penetrates.
How do they achieve this impressive feat?
They do so using a sense called echolocation. This is a unique ability to see the world through sound and it is an ability that dolphins share with porpoises bats and whales. Echolocation functions much like a Sonar on a submarine.
So, why would they need echolocation?
If you have ever looked underwater in the ocean the view is often murky and not very clear. This gets significantly worse the deeper under the sea you go where there is little light.
In such conditions how does the echolocation work exactly?
It works by allowing dolphins to ''see'' by interpreting the echoes of the sound waves that bounce off nearby objects. They emit ultrasonic clicks by pushing air between the nasal passages. When this passages open and close the surrounding tissues vibrate and produce sound waves. An organ called the Melon located on the dolphins ''head'' concentrates and amplifies these sound pulses and sends them forward. These sound waves travel through the melon and into the water bouncing off nearby objects.