give the percentage of carbon content in each of the following varieties of coal
peat, anthracite, lignite, bituminous coal
Answers
Explanation:
peat: First stage of transformation.
Contains less than 40 to 55 per cent carbon == more impurities.
Contains sufficient volatile matter and lot of moisture [more smoke and more pollution].
Left to itself, it burns like wood, gives less heat, emits more smoke and leaves a lot of ash.
Bituminous Coal
Soft coal; most widely available and used coal.
Derives its name after a liquid called bitumen.
40 to 80 per cent carbon.
Moisture and volatile content (15 to 40 per cent)
Dense, compact, and is usually of black colour.
Does not have traces of original vegetable material.
Calorific value is very high due to high proportion of carbon and low moisture.
Used in production of coke and gas.
Bituminous Coal
Anthracite Coal
Best quality; hard coal.
80 to 95 per cent carbon.
Very little volatile matter.
Negligibly small proportion of moisture.
Semi-metallic lustre.
Ignites slowly == less loss of heat == highly efficient.
Ignites slowly and burns with a nice short blue flame. [Complete combustion == Flame is BLUE == little or no pollutants. Example: LPG]
In India, it is found only in Jammu and Kashmir and that too in small quantity.
lignite: Brown coal.
Lower grade coal.
40 to 55 per cent carbon.
Intermediate stage.
Dark to black brown.
Moisture content is high (over 35 per cent).
It undergoes SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION [Bad. Creates fire accidents in mines]
bituminous coal: Soft coal; most widely available and used coal.
Derives its name after a liquid called bitumen.
40 to 80 per cent carbon.
Moisture and volatile content (15 to 40 per cent)
Dense, compact, and is usually of black colour.
Does not have traces of original vegetable material.
Calorific value is very high due to high proportion of carbon and low moisture.
Used in production of coke and gas