➡️give the preparation of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide
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1. Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), also known as washing soda, or soda ash, is the monohydrate form as crystal carbonate. It is the water-soluble sodium salt of carbonic acid.
It can be prepared by simply heat baking soda or sodium bicarbonate in a 200°F oven for about an hour. Carbon dioxide and water will be given off, leaving dry sodium carbonate. This is the soda ash.
Sodium Carbonate is also produced from an aqueous solution of NaCl by Solvay process. The reactions for this process is given in the attached image.
2. In Castner-Kellner method, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or caustic soda is prepared by the electrolysis of aqueous solution of NaCl, also called as salt water brine. Sodium and chlorine gas are produced in this process.
2NaCl → 2Na⁺ + 2Cl⁻; Sodium forms amalgam.
2Na/Hg + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂ + 2Hg
It can be prepared by simply heat baking soda or sodium bicarbonate in a 200°F oven for about an hour. Carbon dioxide and water will be given off, leaving dry sodium carbonate. This is the soda ash.
Sodium Carbonate is also produced from an aqueous solution of NaCl by Solvay process. The reactions for this process is given in the attached image.
2. In Castner-Kellner method, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or caustic soda is prepared by the electrolysis of aqueous solution of NaCl, also called as salt water brine. Sodium and chlorine gas are produced in this process.
2NaCl → 2Na⁺ + 2Cl⁻; Sodium forms amalgam.
2Na/Hg + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂ + 2Hg
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