Question

Give the role of planar peptide bond in ternary structure of protein

Answer 1

A protein is a functional biological molecule that is made up of one or more polypeptides that are folded/coiled into a specific structure. Proteins are important macromolecules that serve as structural elements, transportation channels, signal receptors and transmitters, and enzymes. Proteins are linear polymer that are built up of the monomer units called amino acids. There are 20 different amino acid and they are connected by a peptide bond between the carboxyl group and the amino group in a linear chain called a polypeptide. Each protein has different side chains or the "R" groups. Proteins have many different active functional groups attached to them to help define their properties and functions. Proteins cover a wide range of functions, ranging from very rigid structural elements to transmitting information between cells. Each person has several hundred thousands of different proteins in their body. Proteins fold into secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures based on intra-molecular bonding between functional groups or intermolecular bonding (quaternary only) and can obtain on a variety of three-dimensional shapes depending on the amino acid sequence. All proteins have primary, secondary and tertiary structures but quaternary structures only arise when a protein is made up of two or more polypeptide chains. The folding of proteins is also driven and reinforced by the formation of many bonds between different parts of the chain. The formation of these bonds depends on the amino acid sequence. The study of their structures is important because proteins are essential for every activity in the human body as well as they are the key components of biological materials. Primary structure is when amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains. Secondary structure is when the polypeptide chains fold into regular structures like the beta sheets, alpha helix, turns, or loops. A functional protein is much more than just a polypeptide, it is one or more polypeptides that have been precisely folded into a molecule with a very specific, unique shape which is critical to its function 

Answer 2

Within a protein, multiple amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds, thereby forming a long chain. Peptide bonds are formed by a biochemical reaction that extracts a water molecule as it joins the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of a neighboring amino acid.