Question

Give the structure & function of mitochondria.

Answer 1

it gives the energy to the cell to do work

it is also known as THE POWER HOUSE OF THE CELL

Answer 2

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Structure

The mitochondrion is a double-membraned, rod-shaped structure found in both plant and animal cell.

Its size ranges from 0.5 to 1.0 micrometre in diameter.

The structure comprises an outer membrane, an inner membrane, and a gel-like material called the matrix.

The outer membrane and the inner membrane are made of proteins and phospholipid layers separated by the intermembrane space.

The outer membrane covers the surface of the mitochondrion and has a large number of special proteins known as porins.

It is freely permeable to ions, nutrient molecules, energy molecules like the ADP and ATP molecules.

Function

Regulates the metabolic activity of the cell

Promotes the growth of new cells and cell multiplication

Helps in detoxifying ammonia in the liver cells

Plays an important role in apoptosis or programmed cell death

Responsible for building certain parts of the blood and various hormones like testosterone and oestrogen

Helps in maintaining an adequate concentration of calcium ions within the compartments of the cell

It is also involved in various cellular activities like cellular differentiation, cell signalling, cell senescence, controlling the cell cycle and also in cell growth.