Give the summary of digestion in human beings in a tabular form
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Table 1: Physical and Chemical DigestionOrganFunctionmouthchewing of food and digestion of starch by salivary amylaseesophagustransport of food from mouth to stomach; lubricated by mucusstomachstorage of food and initial digestion of proteins + fats; production of the hormone gastrin (response to protein) that stimulates stomach's gastric glands to release gastric juice (including pepsin and HCl)small intestinecontinued digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids; most absorption of nutrients; production of the hormone secretin (response to HCl) that stimulates pancrease to release bicarbonate; production of the hormone CCK (response to fat) that stimulates gall bladder to release bilepancreasproduction of digestive enzymes that act in small intestine; production of the hormones insulin and glucagon which regulate blood sugar; production of bicarbonate that neutralizes stomach acid in small intestinelarge intestineabsorption of water; production of some vitamins; storage of undigested food
Table 2: Substances Involved in DigestionOrganSecretion and Functionsalivary glandssalivary amylase - converts starch (a polysaccharide) to maltose (a disaccharide)esophagusmucus - helps movement of foodstomachhydrochloric acid - converts pepsinogen to pepsin and kills microbes
pepsinogen - when converted to pepsin, initiates digestion of proteins (long chains of amino acids) to polypeptides and peptides (shorter chains of amino acids)
lipase - converts lipids (eg. triglycerides) into glycerol and fatty acids
mucus - protects stomach from pepsin and HCl
renin - coagulates proteins in milk to slow movementpancreas; small intestinepancreatic amylase - converts starch (a polysaccharide) to maltose (a disaccharide)
bicarbonate - neutralizes HCl from stomach
enterokinase - converts trypsinogen to trypsin
trypsinogen - when converted to trypsin, converts proteins into peptides
erepsin - converts peptides into amino acids
lipase - converts lipids (eg. triglycerides) into glycerol and fatty acids
maltase - convets maltose (a disaccharide) into two glucose (a monosaccharide)
sucrase - convets sucrose (a disaccharide) into glucose and fructose (monosaccharides)
lactase - convets lactose (a disaccharide) into glucose and galactose(monosaccharides)
liverbile - emulsifies fat (large globules into smaller ones for lipase to work)gall bladderbile - stores concentrated bile from liverlarge intestinemucus - helps movement of food
Table 2: Substances Involved in DigestionOrganSecretion and Functionsalivary glandssalivary amylase - converts starch (a polysaccharide) to maltose (a disaccharide)esophagusmucus - helps movement of foodstomachhydrochloric acid - converts pepsinogen to pepsin and kills microbes
pepsinogen - when converted to pepsin, initiates digestion of proteins (long chains of amino acids) to polypeptides and peptides (shorter chains of amino acids)
lipase - converts lipids (eg. triglycerides) into glycerol and fatty acids
mucus - protects stomach from pepsin and HCl
renin - coagulates proteins in milk to slow movementpancreas; small intestinepancreatic amylase - converts starch (a polysaccharide) to maltose (a disaccharide)
bicarbonate - neutralizes HCl from stomach
enterokinase - converts trypsinogen to trypsin
trypsinogen - when converted to trypsin, converts proteins into peptides
erepsin - converts peptides into amino acids
lipase - converts lipids (eg. triglycerides) into glycerol and fatty acids
maltase - convets maltose (a disaccharide) into two glucose (a monosaccharide)
sucrase - convets sucrose (a disaccharide) into glucose and fructose (monosaccharides)
lactase - convets lactose (a disaccharide) into glucose and galactose(monosaccharides)
liverbile - emulsifies fat (large globules into smaller ones for lipase to work)gall bladderbile - stores concentrated bile from liverlarge intestinemucus - helps movement of food
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