give three importance of 10% law
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The functions of law
Law can be said to perform four different functions, each of which is of huge importance to our welfare.
(1) Defending us from evil
The first and most basic function of law is to defend us from evil – that is, those who would seek to harm us for no good reason. This function of law underlies 20th century developments in International Law such as the Nuremberg Trials and the creation of the International Criminal Court.
(2) Promoting the common good
Law is not just concerned with bringing evil people to account for their actions. A community made up of people who bear no ill-will to anyone else and are simply concerned to pursue their own self-interest needs law because there are situations where if everyone pursues their own self-interest, everyone will be worse off than they would have been if they acted differently. (This is the reverse of the ‘invisible hand’ phenomenon where if everyone pursues their own self-interest, everyone in the community is made better off, as if everyone’s actions were guided by an ‘invisible hand’ to achieve that end.) So a community of self-interested actors needs law: (i) to solve ‘Prisoner’s dilemma’ situations; (ii) to distribute into private hands property that would otherwise be exploited by everyone, thereby avoiding a ‘tragedy of the commons’ situation arising; (iii) to prevent people acting on their natural desire to extract ‘an eye for an eye’ in revenge for actual or perceived wrongs that they have suffered at other people’s hands.
(3) Resolving disputes over limited resources
As every family knows, in any community there will always be disputes over who should have what of a limited number of resources. Law is needed to resolve these disputes, as exemplified by the famous story of the Judgment of Solomon.
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