Question

Give three reasons for the decline of some cities in India in the 19th century

Answer 1

New cities emerged with power. Old cities lost their importance. This is called de-urbanisation. Presidencies like Bombay, Kolkata, madras came up like this

Answer 2

In the late 18th century cities such as Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta, rose in prominence as they had become the Presidency cities. These 3 cities became the centers of British authority in various regions of India. However, at that time, many smaller cities declined insignificance.

EXPLANATION:

• The decline of many cities in the 19th century was because of the British’s negative attitude towards India’s conventional industries.  These industries which were composed of native handcraft manufacture were destroyed by the inflow of cheap goods from Europe. Market increasingly shrank and trade had passed from the local people to the British. As such cities were degraded and the specter of economic threat gradually depopulated the cities.  
• The victory of the Battle of Plassey had given the opportunity to the Company to unite their political power in Bengal and slowly the British succeeded in expanding their spheres of influence in Bengal as well as across India that had an adverse impact on the urbanization process. The new political-administrative structure and economic oppression of the East India Company had led to the decline in cities.
• Another reason for the decline in cities was the institution of railroads in India.  Railroads which was entirely developed and encompassed all places across the nation, and by linking different places it impacted the process of urbanization. However, the introduction of railroads led to various channels and each railway station had thus become a point of exporting raw materials, thereby depriving previous trade centers (cities) of their monopoly.

To know more

Which cities were called Presidency cities in the 19th century India? Mention any two main features of these cities.

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Give three reasons for the decline of some cities in india in 19 th century

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