Question

Give two examples of fossils record which support organisms evolution..

Answer 1

Fossils provide scientists with many clues about Earth's history, offering evidence of dinosaurs and strange plants that existed in the past. This lesson will define a fossil, look at different types and characteristics of fossils, and then describe how fossils are formed.

Definition of Fossils

Have you ever wondered how scientists know so much about the earth's past? For example, how they know Hadrosaurs, a group of duck-billed dinosaurs, lived in Alaska 90 million years ago? Or how they know a relative of today's horsetail plant lived 150 million years ago?

Paleontologists, or scientists who study fossils, help paint a picture of what life used to look like on earth millions of years ago. Fossils are remains or traces of past organisms that have been preserved by nature. And here's a fun fact: the word 'fossil' is Latin and actually means 'obtained by digging,' which makes sense because they are often buried.

Types of Fossils

There are many ways fossils can form, and we'll get to all that in a minute. First, let's discuss the two main ways that fossils can be classified:

Body fossils and Trace fossils

The remains of a Hadrosaur are an example of a body fossil, or fossils of the actual organism. Typically, hard structures like bones, shells, and teeth fossilize more often than soft-bodied structures like tissues or plant leaves, but as is seen with the horsetail relative, plants can become fossils.

Hadrosaur skull fossils depicted in this photograph are classified as body fossils.

The other type of fossil is called a trace fossil, where evidence of the organism but not the actual organism is preserved, such as a track, a burrow, a nest.

The fossil record, genetics, and examples of local adaptations all support the theory of evolution by natural selection. 

The factors below identify how fossil records support the theory of evolution by natural selection.  

1. The fossil record shows a progression of complexity in organisms over time.

2. The fossil record shows that some organisms that once lived on Earth are now extinct. 

3. The fossil record shows examples of how one species transitioned into another and the development of new physical features within a species. 

Genetics also supports the theory of evolution by natural selection in the following ways.

1. All species on Earth share the same universal genetic code. This is strong support that all species share a common ancestor.

2. With today's technology, scientists are able to compare the genomes of different species. Through such technology, scientists have been able to show genetic commonalities between species.

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Answer 2

first example, the dinosaurs, went extinct around 65 million years ago. Extinct means that all members of a species or another grouping of organisms have died off. Therefore, everything we know about dinosaurs comes from the fossil record. Their size, shape, and even certain behaviors, like predation, can be learned through the study of their fossils.


the fossil record of horses tells us that horses used to be considerably smaller than they are today, which can be seen in this illustration of different fossils over time.

The older horse fossils come from 50 million year old rock, which was formed during the Eocene epoch. During this time, horses were about 0.4 meters tall. As scientists scoured newer rock, they began finding horse fossils that were progressively larger until they reached modern horse size, which is around 1.6 meters tall. This collection of fossils represents the horse fossil record and tells us that horses have evolved to be larger than their prehistoric ancestors.