Question

Give two main difference points between over-loading and short-circuiting......
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Answer 1

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Overload is a condition when current is higher than system/ equipment nominal rated current. The flow of current is occurring through intended path. An equipment can bear temporary overload situation depending upon its design. ( e.g. if a motor is designed for rated current of 100A, it can bear temporary overload situation of say 105A). Overload if not cleared within time may result short circuit condition.

Short circuit is a condition when current flows through unintended path. Current magnitude is very high (depending upon system configuration like type of earthing etc) Such conditions are very severe for electrical systems. It should be detected and cleared as soon as possible to minimize damage.

Answer 2

overloading
1. if many electrical appliances of high power are used at a time then they draw a large amount of current from the circuit.
2.the large amount of current flowing through the wire exercively heats up the wire and may lead to fire.

short circuiting
when neutral wire and live wire come in contact then it is known as shortcircuiting
2.the resistance of the circuit is almost zero .