Glaciers are melting, sea levels are rising, cloud forests are dying, and wildlife is scrambling to keep pace. It has become clear that humans have caused most of the past century's warming by releasing heat-trapping gases as we power our modern lives. Called greenhouse gases, their levels are higher now than at any time in the last 800,000 years. While many people think of global warming and climate change as synonyms, scientists use “climate change” when describing the complex shifts now affecting our planet’s weather and climate systems.
Climate change encompasses not only rising average temperatures but also extreme weather events, shifting wildlife populations and habitats, rising seas, and a range of other impacts including changing the rhythms of climate that all living things have come to rely on.
The "greenhouse effect" is the warming that happens when certain gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat. These gases let in light but keep heat from escaping, like the glass walls of a greenhouse, hence the name. Sunlight shines onto the Earth's surface, where the energy is absorbed and then radiate back into the atmosphere as heat. In the atmosphere, greenhouse gas molecules trap some of the heat, and the rest escapes into space.
In 1895, the Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius discovered that humans could enhance the greenhouse effect by making carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. He kicked off 100 years of climate research that has given us a sophisticated understanding of global warming. Levels of greenhouse gases have gone up and down over the Earth's history, but they had been fairly constant for the past few thousand years. Global average temperatures had also stayed fairly constant over that time—until the past 150 years. Through the burning of fossil fuels and other activities that have emitted large amounts of greenhouse gases, particularly over the past few decades, humans are now increasing the greenhouse effect and warming Earth significantly, and in ways that promise many effects, scientists warn.
i. What do scientists mean by climate change? (3) ii. What is the impact of climate change? (3) iii. What is the greenhouse effect? (3)
iv. what has increased the greenhouse gases over the last 150 years? (3) v. Find words from the passage that are the opposite in meaning to the following: (3)
a). cooling b). release c). change
b). On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations wherever necessary.
Answers
Answer:
i) As per the scientists “climate change” is described as the complex shifts affecting our planet’s weather and climate systems.
ii) Climate change or changes in the environment encompasses not only rising average temperatures but also extreme weather events, shifting wildlife populations and habitats, rising seas, and a range of other impacts including changing the rhythms of climate that all living things have come to rely on.
iii) The "greenhouse effect" is the warming that occurs when certain gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat. These gases let in light but keep heat from escaping, like the glass walls of a greenhouse, hence the name. Sunlight shines onto the Earth's surface, where the energy is absorbed and then radiates back into the atmosphere as heat. In the atmosphere, greenhouse gas molecules trap some of the heat, and the rest escapes into space.
iv) Through the burning of fossil fuels and other activities that have emitted large amounts of carbon dioxide & other greenhouse gases, have increased the greenhouse gases over the last 150 years, particularly over the past few decades. Humans are still increasing the greenhouse effect and warming Earth significantly.
v) The antonymous words for a) cooling- warming
b) release- trap c). change- (fairly) constant
d) Climate changes: Icy masses are dissolving, ocean levels are rising, cloud timberlands are biting the dust, and untamed life is scrambling to keep pace. It has become certain that people have caused a large portion of the previous century's warming by delivering heat-catching gases as we power our cutting-edge lives.
Ozone-harming substances, their levels are higher now than whenever over the most recent 800,000 years. While many individuals consider a worldwide temperature alteration and environmental change as equivalents, researchers use "environmental change" while depicting the complicated moves presently influencing our planet's climate and environment frameworks.
Impacts of Climate change: The environmental change incorporates climbing normal temperatures as well as outrageous climate occasions, moving natural life populaces and territories, rising oceans, and a scope of different effects including changing the rhythms of the environment that all living things have come to depend on.
Greenhouse effect: The "greenhouse effect" is the warming that happens when certain gases in Earth's climate trap heat. These gases let in a light yet hold heat back from getting away, similar to the glass dividers of a nursery, subsequently the name. Daylight sparkles onto the Earth's surface, where the energy is consumed and afterwards transmit once again into the climate as intensity. In the climate, ozone depleting substance particles trap a portion of the intensity, and the rest escapes into space.
In 1895, the Swedish scientific expert Svante Arrhenius found that people could improve the greenhouse effect by making carbon dioxide, an ozone-depleting substance. He started 100 years of environmental research that has provided us with a modern comprehension of an unnatural weather change. Levels of ozone-depleting substances have gone all over the Earth's set of experiences, however, they had been genuinely consistent for the beyond not many thousand years. Worldwide normal temperatures had likewise remained genuinely consistent throughout that time — until the beyond 150 years.
Future warnings: Through the consumption of non-renewable energy sources and different exercises that have transmitted a lot of ozone-depleting substances, especially throughout recent many years, people are currently expanding the greenhouse effect and warming Earth fundamentally, and in manners that guarantee many impacts.
Explanation:
- The above is an unseen passage that talks about global climate change and its impacts including the greenhouse effects.
- Solving such passages make a student efficient in reading and enrich their vocabulary.
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[The above question seems incomplete, most probably the complete question was asked to -
Read the passage and answer the following question:
(3) i. What do scientists mean by climate change?
(3) ii. What is the impact of climate change?
(3) iii. What is the greenhouse effect?
(3) iv. what has increased the greenhouse gases over the last 150 years? (3) v. Find words from the passage that is the opposite in meaning to the following: a). cooling b). release c). change
d). On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations wherever necessary.