glossary on corona virus
Answers
Answer:
Asymptomatic
Showing no symptoms of disease. A person infected with the virus can be asymptomatic because they are in an early stage of infection and symptoms have not yet developed (“pre-symptomatic”), or they may not develop any symptoms at all during their infection.
C
COVID-19
The name of the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, and is short for “Coronavirus Disease 2019.” (Source: WHO)
Case fatality rate (CFR)
An estimate of the risk of mortality from a contagious disease. The CFR is calculated by dividing the number of deaths caused by a disease by the number of cases of that disease in a given time period. The CFR is time and location-dependent, and many different factors can influence the CFR, such as speed of diagnosis of cases, health system capacity, age and other demographic characteristics, among others. For COVID-19, estimates of the CFR have varied; in China, CFR estimates by province have ranged from <1% to 5.8%. Sources: CDC/Lipsitch et. al./WHO
Close contact
A person who may be at risk of a contagious disease because of their proximity or exposure to a known case. Exact definition of close contact differs by disease; for COVID-19, the CDC defines a close contact as anyone who has been within 6 feet of a person infected with the virus for a prolonged period of time, or has had direct contact with the infected person’s secretions. (Source: CDC)
Community transmission/spread
Infections identified in a given geographic area without a history of travel elsewhere and no connection to a known case.
Contact tracing
The process of identifying, assessing, and managing people who have been exposed to a contagious disease to prevent onward transmission. (Source: WHO)
Cordon sanitaire
A measure preventing anyone from leaving a defined geographic area, such as a community, region, or country infected by a disease to stop the spread of the disease.
Coronavirus
A family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases, such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). The novel coronavirus recently discovered has been named SARS-CoV-2 and it causes COVID-19. (Source: WHO)
D
Drive through testing
Individuals remain in their vehicles, and medical staff in protective gear come to administer the swab test and the swabs are sent to a laboratory for testing.
Droplet transmission/spread
A mode of transmission for a contagious disease that involves relatively large, short-range (less than 6 feet) respiratory droplets produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking. (Source: CDC)
E
Elective surgeries
Procedures that are considered non-urgent and non-essential. During periods of community transmission, CDC is recommending postponing elective procedures, surgeries, and non-urgent outpatient visits. (Source: CDC)
Epidemic
An increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area. (Source: CDC)
Essential activities
Answer:
A virus is a genetic material that binds to a living cell and using that cell’s resources, creates multiple copies of itself. Over billions of years, viruses have mastered the art of survival by infecting every lifeform on Earth, including bacteria and single-celled organisms. The word ‘virus’ is derived from a Latin word for poisonous liquid.
Viruses are a little more than a ball of protein, composed of either DNA or RNA. Yet, whether they are alive or not, has been a matter of intense scientific debates over the past few years. These microscopic parasites can reproduce only inside living cells. Outside of a living organism, they are referred to as virions and tend to behave just like an inert dust particle.
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