Go on a field visit and prepare a project report on soil and human intervention. Points for data collection are,
1. Major landuse
2. Is there any degradation of soil? How?
3.Have any measures been adopted for the conservation of soil?
4.changes that took place in the agricultural sector over time.
Answers
soil is preapered plant and sels
Answer:
Before introducing these project reports on soil and human intervention, one must know some basic points regarding soil degradation first, because of that reason, this would enable us to identify, if that soil fertility is drastically changed or not, due to increasing human activities
Soil degradation - It refers to the deterioration of land productive capability as nothing more than a result of decreased soil fertility, biodiversity, and erosion. Farming, industrial, and municipal pollutants, depletion of arable land owing to urban expansion, livestock grazing, & inappropriate farming methods, plus long-term climate variability are all contributors to soil degradation. Based on a recently published United Nations survey, nearly one-third of the world's largest farmable land has perished over the last four decades. It has also been estimated that if the present rate of deterioration persists, the entire planet's topsoil would become unusable within sixty years. Soil health concerns and their consequences on human well-being are well-known as mentioned in this explanation below -
Explanation:
1.) Major land use - Most of the world's territory which was remained wilderness throughout the majority of the history of mankind, including woods, meadows, & shrubs comprising its terrain. These have transformed drastically over the last decades, as wildlife areas are increasingly driven out through transition into farmlands.
After four centuries, agriculture is expected to have taken approximately 4 million square kilometers which is less than 4% of both the world's ice-free and non-barren land area, where glaciers occupy only an overall 10% of the globe, as well as the additional 19%, that encompasses arid territory, that also involves desert areas, dried salt flats, coastal regions, sand dunes, & rough rock formations, having left us with "usable land" which 50 percent of its world habitable areas were undertaken by agriculture and due to this, their massive usage of conversion of habitable land to farmlands has a significant impact on the earth's ecology, as it eliminates wilderness and threatens biodiversity.
2) Yes, in some areas of Delhi and Noida, we've noticed a substantial amount of soil erosion and pollution over the last few decades. Most of them were mainly caused by infrastructure development (mostly illegal ones), increasing agricultural cultivation, use of pesticides, accumulation of heavy, radioactive, and toxic metal wastes, effluents, and so on, further aggravating both physical degradation and chemical contamination of soils, resulting in drastic changes in soil fertility, soil alkanility, acidity, and salinity as well along with detrimental effects of soil structural conditions.
3) There are continuous efforts that have been undertaken to detoxify polluted soils, which included a variety of on-site and off-site (extraction of polluted soils for remediation) techniques but neither of these approaches was found optimal for remediating polluted soils, and in numerous instances, more than one methodology may indeed be recommended for maximizing the recovery effort. The most widely used approach for cleaning polluted soils would be to extract the soil and dispose in landfills or incinerate them. Unfortunately, such approaches often swap one risk for the other as landfilling confined tainted soil while failing to detoxify it, whereas combustion via incinerators would eliminate noxious organic compounds from the soil but afterward it will discharge into the air as a by-product, thereby polluting the atmosphere.
4) This is primarily due to the increasing usage of insecticides as well as other chemicals and perhaps other compounds, that are intended to boost agricultural output & eliminate pests, particularly locusts, however, they are also a key contributor to land pollution, resulting in an impact on the productivity and health. Pesticides, as we all know, affect both animals and plants by polluting their soil, exacerbating bio-magnification, and fouling soils since these chemicals would infiltrate deeply into the soil & poison the entire groundwater system. Rainwater & irrigation drainage corrodes the localized water system and thus is discharged into peripheral sites, primarily lakes and streams, enhancing the danger of algal blooms.
and causing deleterious effects on aquatic flora and fauna as well which further contributes to water pollution.
References - https://www.agrifarming.in/soil-degradation-causes-effects-preventive-methods#:~:text=Soil%20degradation%20is%20caused%20by%20urbanization%20and%20infrastructure,with%20human%20activities%20continues%20to%20worsen%20Soil%20degradation.