Question

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Q1) Why ventricles have more muscular walls in comparison to auricles?

Q2) Why arteries have more muscular walls in comparison to veins?

Q3) Why arteries have narrow lumen and veins have wider lumen?

Answer 1

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1) The ventricles of the heart have thickermuscular walls than the atria. This is because blood is pumped out of the heart at greater pressure from these chambers compared to the atria. The left ventricle also has a thickermuscular wall than the right ventricle, as seen in the adjacent image.

2) This shows that arteries have thicker walls than veins. In arteries there is a lot more pressure, due to the force of blood being pumped outwards from the heart, so they need thicker walls in order to prevent bursting. In veins the pressure is much less, and so thinner walls are present.


3) Basically for two reasons, the pressure drop driving blood flow is lower in the venous system and the lumen has to be bigger to reduce rheological effect such as flow resistance. Second, veins double as a blood reservoir that allows for quick mobilization of blood in case of bleeding and injury.

Answer 2

(Q1) This is because blood is pumped out of the heart at greater pressure from these chambers compared to the atria

(Q2) The thicker and more muscular wallsof arteries help them to withstand and absorb the pressure waves which begin in the heart and are transmitted by the blood.

(Q3) Veins are generally larger in diameter,carry more blood volume and havethinner walls in proportion to theirlumen. Arteries are smaller, havethicker walls in proportion to theirlumen and carry blood under higher pressure than veins.