Science, asked by priyankahathile2007, 5 months ago

GRAIN ALCOHOL 
Ethanol is a high-octane fuel that is produced domestically from corn and other renewable sources. Ethanol is essentially grain alcohol , and it is blended with gasoline to create fuel with lower costs , higher octane levels and  less harmful emissions. The most common blend is 10% ethanol and 90% gasoline.This mixture will power cars and requires no changes to your existing engine. The other combination called E85 is comprised of 85% ethanol and 15 % unleaded gasoline.Distribution of global corn production is 2018/2019 by following countries 


Question:6 )  Identify the chemical formula of  ethanol.

A)    CH2CH2OHB)    CH2CH2 COOHC)    CH3CH2OHD)    CH2CH3OH

Answers

Answered by Anonymous
0

Answer:

Ethanol Benefits and Considerations

Ethanol is a renewable, domestically produced transportation fuel. Whether used in low-level blends, such as E10 (10% ethanol, 90% gasoline), E15 (10.5% to 15% ethanol), or E85 (flex fuel)—a gasoline-ethanol blend containing 51% to 83% ethanol, depending on geography and season—ethanol helps reduce emissions. Like any alternative fuel, the use of ethanol involves several considerations.

Energy Security

The United States imported 3% of its petroleum in 2019, and the transportation sector accounts for approximately 30% of total U.S. energy needs and 70% of U.S. petroleum consumption. Using ethanol and other alternative fuels and advanced technologies to reduce fuel consumption continues to strengthen national security and reduce transportation energy costs for businesses and consumers.

Fuel Economy and Performance

A gallon of ethanol contains less energy than a gallon of gasoline, resulting in lower fuel economy when operating your vehicle. The impact to fuel economy varies depending on the energy difference in the blend used. For example, E85 that contains 83% ethanol content has about 27% less energy per gallon than gasoline (the impact to fuel economy lessens as ethanol content decreases). Engines in gasoline vehicles, including flexible-fuel vehicles (FFVs), are optimized for gasoline. If they were optimized to run on higher ethanol blends, fuel economy would likely increase as a result of increased engine efficiency.

Ethanol also has a higher octane number than gasoline, which provides increased power and performance. For example, Indianapolis 500 drivers often fuel their race cars with E98 because of its high octane. Several projects currently under way, including the Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines initiative, seek to understand the potential for improving engine efficiency through the use of ethanol blends and other high-octane biofuels.

Job Impacts

Ethanol production creates jobs in rural areas where employment opportunities are needed. According to the Renewable Fuels Association, ethanol production in 2019 accounted for more than 68,600 direct jobs across the country, $43 billion to the gross domestic product, and $23 billion in household income. (See the Pocket Guide to Ethanol 2020 (PDF).

Emissions

The carbon dioxide released by a vehicle when ethanol is burned is offset by the carbon dioxide captured when the feedstock crops are grown to produce ethanol. This differs from gasoline and diesel, which are refined from petroleum extracted from the earth. No emissions are offset when these petroleum products are burned. On a life cycle analysis basis, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are reduced on average by 34% with corn-based ethanol produced from dry mills, and range between 88% and 108% if cellulosic feedstocks are used depending on feedstock type, compared with gasoline and diesel production and use.

To learn more about fuel economy, GHG scores, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency smog scores for FFVs, visit FuelEconomy.gov, or see the Alternative Fuel and Advanced Technology Vehicles list (PDF).

Equipment and Availability

Low-level blends of E10 or less require no special fueling equipment, and they can be used in any conventional gasoline vehicle.

It is also possible to accommodate blends above E10 in existing fueling equipment, however, some equipment needs to be upgraded to comply with federal code. See the Codes, Standards, and Safety page and the Handbook for Handling, Storing, and Dispensing E85 and Other Ethanol-Gasoline Blends (PDF) for detailed information on compatible equipment.

FFVs (which can operate on E85, gasoline, or any blend of the two) are available nationwide as standard equipment with no incremental cost, making them an affordable alternative fuel vehicle option. Fueling stations offering E85 (flex fuel) are located in 42 states. Find ethanol (E85) fueling stations in your area.

Explanation:

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