grasslands are lush green
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Grasslands go by many names. In the U.S. Midwest, they're often called prairies. In South America, they're known as pampas. Central Eurasian grasslands are referred to as steppes, while African grasslands are savannas. What they all have in common are grasses, their naturally dominant vegetation. Grasslands are found where there is not enough regular rainfall to support the growth of a forest, but not so little that a desert forms. In fact, grasslands often lie between forests and deserts. (See grassland photos.)
Depending on how they’re defined, grasslands account for between 20 and 40 percent of the world's land area. They are generally open and fairly flat, and they exist on every continent except Antarctica, which makes them vulnerable to pressure from human populations. Threats to natural grasslands, as well as the wildlife that live on them, include farming, overgrazing, invasive species, illegal hunting, and climate change.
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Around the globe, grasslands have different names: from the llanos and pampas of South America to the North American prairies, and from the steppes of Central Asia to the southern African veldt and the savannahs of East Africa. Each has its own unique mix of vegetation and inhabitants, depending on the amount of rainfall, temperature and soil quality, but all are incredibly fertile environments that support a tremendous diversity of species.
Grasslands are home to all manner of animals, from colossal herbivores such as elephants and rhinos to the teeming colonies of insects that underpin the entire ecosystem. Without grasslands we would miss out on some of nature’s most remarkable spectacles – from migrating wildebeest thundering across the African savannah and bison dotted across the American prairies, to herds of the unusual -looking saiga antelope picking their way across the Central Asian steppe.
Armadillos, aardvarks and anteaters hoover up the abundant invertebrates in their respective ranges; steppe eagles, servals and secretarybirds pick off the smaller vertebrates; and charismatic carnivores such as leopards and lions prey on the plentiful herds of large herbivores.