Great Britain and Japan are both island nations with limited resources. As a result, each nation developed according to its distinctive geographic location and limitations. ... Both were isolated islands nearby the continent with limited raw materials to start the whole industrialization process.
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The territory covers 377,976.41 km2 (145,937.51 sq mi).[1] It is the 4th largest island country in the world and the largest island country in East Asia.[10] The country has the 6th longest coastline at 29,751 km (18,486 mi) and the 8th largest Exclusive Economic Zone of 4,470,000 km2 (1,730,000 sq mi) in the world.[11]
The terrain is mostly rugged and mountainous with 66% forest.[12] The population is clustered in urban areas on the coast, plains and valleys.[13] Japan is located in the northwestern Ring of Fire on multiple tectonic plates.[14] East of the Japanese archipelago are three oceanic trenches. The Japan Trench is created as the oceanic Pacific Plate subducts beneath the continental Okhotsk Plate.[15] The continuous subduction process causes frequent earthquakes, tsunami and stratovolcanoes.[16] The islands are also affected by typhoons. The subduction plates have pulled the Japanese archipelago eastward, created the Sea of Japan and separated it from the Asian continent by back-arc spreading 15 million years ago.[14]
The climate varies from humid continental in the north to humid subtropical and tropical rainforest in the south. These differences in climate and landscape have allowed the development of a diverse flora and fauna, with some rare endemic species, especially in the Ogasawara Islands.
Japan extends from 20° to 45° north latitude (Okinotorishima to Benten-jima) and from 122° to 153° east longitude (Yonaguni to Minami Torishima).[17] Japan is surrounded by seas. To the north the Sea of Okhotsk separates it from the Russian Far East, to the west the Sea of Japan separates it from the Korean Peninsula, to the southwest the East China Sea separates the Ryukyu Islands from China and Taiwan, to the east is the Pacific Ocean.