Question

GUIES CAN YOU TELL ME WHO IS MAHUMMAD OF GHAZNI AND MAHHUMAD GHORI IN BRIEF

Answer 1

• Mahmood Gaznavi

Mahmood Gaznavi was born in 971AD, in khurasan.He was the most prominent ruler of the Ghaznavid Empire. He conquered the eastern Iranian lands, modern Afghanistan, and the northwestern Indian subcontinent (modern Pakistan) from 997 to his death in 1030. Mahmud turned the former provincial city of Ghazna into the wealthy capital of an extensive empire that covered most of today's Afghanistan, eastern Iran, and Pakistan, by looting the riches and wealth from the then Indian subcontinent.

He was the first ruler to hold the title Sultan.Mahmud took over his father's kingdom in 998 after defeating and capturing Ismail at the Battle of Ghazni.

Mahmud initiated the first of numerous invasion of North India. On 28 November 1001, his army fought and defeated the army of Raja Jayapala of the Kabul Shahis at the battle of Peshawar. In 1002 Mahmud invaded Sistan and dethroned Khalaf ibn Ahmad, ending the Saffarid dynasty. From there he decided to focus on Hindustan to the southeast, particularly the highly fertile lands of the Punjab region.In 1005 Mahmud of Ghazni invaded Bhatia, and in 1006 he invaded Multan.
In 1014 Mahmud led an expedition to Thanesar.
1018 he attacked Mathura.

In 1025 Mahmud raided Gujarat, plundering the Somnath temple and breaking its jyotirlinga. He took away a booty of 2 million dinars.

• Muhammad gouri :


Towards the end of the 12th century, Mohammed Ghori, the ruler of Ghor, a small principality in Afghanistan, attacked and laid the foundation of the Muslim rule in India.

In 1175, he invaded Multan and captured it. He then marched towards Gujurat but Raja Bhimadeva gave him a crushing defeat. Later, he conquered Punjab and Sindh. Mohammed Ghori then marched against Prithviraj Chauhan, the ruler of Delhi and Ajmir. A fierce battle was fought on the battlefield of Tarain. Prithviraj defeated Ghori.

Ghori never forgot his defeat and the next year, he once marched against Prithviraj Chauhan at the invitation of Jaichand of Kanauj. Once again, the two armies met at the historic battlefield of Tarain. Prithviraj was defeated and slain treacherously. Thus, Delhi passed into the the hands of the Muslims.

Jaichand of Kanauj, too, was not spared and was killed by the Muslim. After this Ghori returned to Ghor. But he had to come back, as there were rebellions in his Indian territories and some of his governors asserted their independence. He came to suppress the revolt of the Khokans but was slain by them in A.D. 1206. As he had no son, his Indian territories wereplaced under the charge of Governors. Soon the governors asserted independence. Four of his governors, Yaldoz in Afghanistan, Qubacha in Punjab, Mohammed Bhakhtiyar in Bengal and Aibak in Delhi struggled for power. Out of these, Aibak emerged victrious.

Mohammed Ghori is regarded as the real founder of the Muslim rule in India. While Mahmud raided India only for his wealth, Ghori came to India with the purpose of establishing a permanent empire. It was with this aim that he appointed his generals to look after his conquered territories.


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