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Answers
Answer:
c H(2×8)+2=C H
⁸ ⁸ ¹⁸
Explanation:
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Answer:
Saturated hydrocarbons are given the general name of alkanes. The name of specific alkanes always ends in –ane. The first part of the name indicates how many carbon atoms each molecule of the alkane has. The smallest alkane is methane. It has just one carbon atom. The next largest is ethane with two carbon atoms. The chemical formulas and properties of methane, ethane, and other small alkanes are listed in the table below. The boiling and melting points of alkanes are determined mainly by the number of carbon atoms they have. Alkanes with more carbon atoms generally boil and melt at higher temperatures.
Alkane Chemical Formula Boiling Point(°C) Melting Point(°C) State (at 20 °C)
Methane CH4 -162 -183 gas
Ethane C2H6 -89 -172 gas
Propane C3H8 -42 -188 gas
Butane C4H10 0 -138 gas
Pentane C5H12 36 -130 liquid
Hexane C6H14 69 -95 liquid
Heptane C7H16 98 -91 liquid
Octane C8H18 126 -57 liquid
Q: The table above shows only alkanes that have relatively few carbon atoms. Some alkanes have many more carbon atoms. What properties might larger alkanes have?
A: Alkanes with more carbon atoms have higher boiling and melting points, so some of them are solids at room temperature.
Shapes of Alkanes
Structural formulas are often used to represent hydrocarbon compounds because the molecules can have different shapes and a structural formula shows how the atoms are arranged. Hydrocarbons may form straight chains, branched chains, or rings (see figure below). You can read about each type below.