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What is kinetic friction and static friction?.Explain briefly..
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Answers
Answer:
Solid surfaces are subjected to two types of friction: static friction and kinetic friction. Static friction acts when the surfaces are stationary — think of a box on the floor. Static friction is what keeps the box from moving without being pushed, and it must be overcome with a sufficient opposing force before the box will move. Kinetic friction (also referred to as dynamic friction) is the force that resists the relative movement of the surfaces once they’re in motion.
The static friction between two surfaces is always higher than the kinetic friction (at least, in practical, real-world applications). But why is this? To find out, let’s look at the causes behind each type of friction.
Static friction
There are several theories regarding the causes of static friction, and like most friction-related concepts, each one proves valid under some conditions, but fails under other circumstances. For real-world applications (especially those related to industrial machinery and motion control) the two most widely-accepted theories behind static friction have to do with the microscopic roughness of surfaces.
Kinetic friction
Overcoming the static friction between two surfaces essentially removes both the molecular obstacles (cold welding between asperities) and, to some degree, the mechanical obstacles (interference between the asperities and valleys of the surfaces) to movement. Once movement is initiated, some abrasion continues to occur, but at a much reduced level than during static friction. And the relative velocity between the surfaces provides insufficient time for additional cold welding to occur (except in the case of extremely low velocity).
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