Have you heard of Bal Panchayats and Mazdoor Kissan Sanghathan? If not, find out and write a note about them in about words.
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Answer:
(i) Bal Panchayat: Bal Panchayat is performed in our school. The head boy along with ten other representatives from different classes are elected by the all students of the school. Head boy is elected only from outgoing class i.e., senior most class 10+2 of our school. They meet on every last day of month in the presence of their principal and some nominee of PT also. The head boy present problems of students such as shortage of teacher, shortage of books, shortage of games and sports material, equipment and material related with all labs (Biology, Physics, Chemistry, Home Science, Yoga, etc.) Some times matter related with careless teacher is also taken with the principal and the teacher who do not come to class room with proper proposed lesson and projects are also discussed.
Problems of buses, shortage of water supply, frequently cut off electricity or power cuts, irregular maintance of sanitation and grass lawns of the school are also discussed. Suggestion for school magazine, wall magazines, historical trips, picnics, science fare and exhibition are also planned, discussed and try to materialise all activities and programmes concerning with the staff members, teacher and students are taken up form time to time.
Kissan Sangathan: According to the census of 1951, 83% population of India and according to the census of 1981, 75% people of India used to live in the villages, which are about 6 lakhs in our country. In the villages mainly the peasants (Kissans) are living. The kissans of India have little awareness of class consciousness and they have too much attachment to customs, traditions and their land.
In pre-independent India an attempt was made by the Congress and the Communists to form Kissan Sabhas. Under Jawaharlal Nehru’s Presidentship of Congress in 1936 (Lucknow Session) and on the initiative of Sardar Patel, the All India Kissan Sabha was established.
But soon, enough, due to a conflict of interests between the big and rich farmers and the middle and small peasants, a split occurred. Later the C.P.I. activist assumed in leadership of the Kissan Sabha.
After independence several peasant organizations came up at the all India level. The socialists established the Hind Kissan Panchayat, the the communist (Marxist) set up United Kissan Sabha. A big boost was given to the peasants by the CPI (M) organized Revolutionary Peasants Convention in 1967, ‘which became a forerunner of the peasant militancy exhibited in the Naxalbari Movement in West Bengal. In 1978, the Janta Party, mainly through the efforts of Charan Singh and Raj Narain formed the All India Kissan Kammgar Sammelan. But the Kissan Sabhas of India are not class conscious and well-organized Interest Groups.
Mazdoor Sangathan: Trade unions were established in factories and regions. Efforts were made to organize them at national level also. In 1920 All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) was established under Congress influence. In 1929 this fell in the hands of communists. Indian Trade Union Congress (INTUC) linked with Congress, Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS) - it is the organization of the Socialists and Bhartiya Mazdoor Sangh (BMS) - it is the trade union of the former Jana Sangh (Now Bhartiya Janta Party)
The trade union movement in India over the last 50 years or so has definitely come to occupy its own place in Indian social process. Consquently the working class has been able to exert significant pressure at the policy formulation level and their strength is well-recognized by the political parties and the government the trade unions by their activities have also helped in creating social and political awareness among workers. On problems of workers’ demand and interests they do influence their respective.