"Have you no sense?",he shouted
Answers
Indirect/Reported Speech refers to a dialogue being told to a third person/reporting what happened to a third person.
Example: Nora said,"I have lost my book." (Direct)
Nora said that she had lost her book. (Indirect)
In the above example, when writing in indirect/reported form, the sentence changes according to its tense. Also, modifications regarding certain words like 'this' changes to 'that', 'tomorrow' changes to 'the next day', 'will' changes to 'would', 'can' changes to 'could' and many other words have to be made. Also, if the sentence contains an interrogation, then 'said' changes to 'asked'.Punctuation marks other than a full stop (.) cannot be used in indirect/reported speech.
"Have you no sense?" he shouted. (Direct)
He shouted asking if I had no sense. (Indirect)
"Have you no sense?",he shouted
- He shouted asking that if I have no sense.
There are two types of speech/Narration. The speech we used under quotation marks is known as Direct speech and that without, is known as Indirect speech.
❒ Rules for change:
In assertive sentences/simple sentence, 'that' is used as a linker.
If the reporting verb is in past tense, then main verb of dialogue is also changed accordingly.
If reporting verb is in present or future tense, the tense of direct speech is not changed.
Also, In case of Habitual or Universal truth, the tense is not changed..
Examples !!
❍ He said, "I am writing now."
He told that he was writing them.
❍ She said, "I shall play football".
She told that she would play football.
❍ Ram says, "He eats an apple."
Ram says that he eats an apple.
❍ She said, "We must go."
She said that they must go/had to go.
☀️ Other kinda sentences includes Interrogative sentences, imperative sentences, Exclamatory sentences etc.