Question

haw are flood plains formed

Answer 1

A floodplain, or flood plain, is flat or nearly flat land adjacent to a stream or river that experiences occasional flooding.

It includes the floodway, which consists of the stream channel and adjacent areas that carry flood flows, and the flood fringe, which are areas covered by the flood, but which do not experience a strong current.

Floodplains are formed in two ways: by erosion; and by aggression.

Erosional floodplain is created as a stream cuts deeper into its channel and laterally into its banks.

Aggradational Floodplain is created when a stream lays down thick layers of sediment. This happens when the stream's gradient becomes very slight and its velocity decreases, forcing it to drop sediment brought from higher regions nearer its source. Consequently the lower portion of the river valley becomes filled with alluvium. In times of flood, the rush of water in the high regions tears off and carries down a greater quantity of sediment resulting in planation (creation of a flat terrain) as well as aggradation.

Aggradational floodplains are more common than erosional ones.

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Answer 2

Answer:

At times the river overflows its banks. This leads to the flooding of the neighbouring areas. As it floods, it deposits layers of fine soil and other material called sediments along its banks. This leads to the formation of a flat fertile flood plain.