HCl is in the form of liquid or gas in groove's process?
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Explanation:
Grooves process=
It is the process to synthesize alkylhalide from alcohol using ZnCl₂.
The reaction can be written as:
Anhyd ZnCl₂
R --- OH + H---X ========>> RX + H₂O
The reactivity order of in the above reaction is : HI > HBr > HCl > HF
Reactivity order of alcohols = 3⁰ > 2⁰ > 1⁰ > MeOH
2⁰ and 3⁰ alcohols undergo SN₁ mechanism, whereas 1⁰ and MeOH undergo SN₂ mechanism. Concentrated HCl + anhy. ZnCl₂ is known as lucas reagent. In Groove's process, ZnCl₂ is used to weaken C-OH bond. In case of 3⁰ alcohol, ZnCl₂ is not required.
Example =
Anhyd ZnCl₂
C₂H₅OH + HCl ===========>> C₂H₅Cl + H₂O
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