Question

Heartwood differs from sapwood in:
(a) presence of rays and fibres
(b) absence of vessels and parenchyma
(c) having dead and non–conducting elements
(d) being susceptible to pests and pathogens

Answer 1

Heartwood differs from sapwood in:

(c) having dead and non–conducting elements

• Heartwood and sapwood both are types of old woody trees.

• Heartwood tree is made up of dead xylem vessels.

• In old trees like heartwood, xylem is usually dark brown in color due to the deposition of organic compounds.

• Therefore, the xylem is filled with tyloses and deposits of resins and tannins.

• On the other hand, sapwood contains newly formed vessels. These vessels are functional and are lighter in color.

• Thus the major difference between heartwood and sapwood is that heartwood has dead and non-conducting elements.

Answer 2

Heartwood differs from sapwood in having dead and non-conducting elements.

Option (C) is correct.

Explanation:

• Heartwood differs from sapwood in having dead and non-conducting elements.
• In old trees, the inner region that comprises dead elements with highly lignified walls is called heartwood.
• Heartwood does not conduct water but gives mechanical support to the stem. On the other hand, the peripheral region, which is lighter in colour are called sapwood.
• It is involved in the conduction of water and minerals from root to leaf.

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