Question

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Explain the energy transformation in dry cell.
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Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

In any battery or fuel cell, we can split down the essence of what’s going on as follows:

• They have the fuel at the negative terminal, and oxygen at the positive terminal.
• Chemical reactions occur on each terminal, ionising the fuel by separating off electrons, and ionising the oxygen by adding electrons.
• The resulting positively charged fuel ions are attracted to the negatively charged oxygen. This attraction is the source of the electromotive force, the EMF, which drives the current in the circuit.
• Within the battery there is a conductor between the terminals in which the charge carrier is the fuel ion (a common example showing that conductors don’t always carry current using electrons!).
• This conductor enables the positive fuel ions to flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal, attracted by the negatively charged oxygen, and combining molecularly with this oxygen on arrival.
• Loss of positive ions results in the negative charge on the negative terminal, and likewise the gain of positive ions results in a positive charge on the positive terminal.
• This voltage difference then drives the current around the external circuit,
• The spare electrons from the reaction on the negative terminal and lack of electrons from the reaction on the positive terminal support the external current flow.