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Describe New Cartesian Sign Convention?
Note : ( All conventions should be included)
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Answers
Cartesian Sign Convention: In the case of spherical mirror all signs are taken from Pole of the spherical mirror, which is often called origin or origin point. This sign convention is known as New Cartesian Sign Convention.
Sign is taken as – (negative) from pole of a spherical mirror towards object along the principal axis. This means sign is always taken as – (negative) in front of a spherical mirror. For example; the distance of object is always taken as – (negative) in case of both types of spherical mirror, i.e. concave and convex mirrors.
Sign is taken as + (positive) behind the spherical mirror. For example if an image is formed behind the mirror, the distance of image is taken as + (positive) from pole along the principal axis.
The height of is taken as + (positive) above the principal axis and taken as – (negative) below the principal axis.
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A sign convention must be defined, understood, and followed. The Cartesian sign convention will be used in this course. This is NOT the same as used in Halliday and Resnick, but is used in many specialist optics textbooks. In this case we have:-
1) Light initially propagates from left to right.
2) The origin of the Cartesian coordinate system is at the centre of the optical component.
3) Distances measured normal to the optic axis are positive above and negative below.
4) We denote object space distances as l, h, f, and image space distances as l ', h', f '.
5) Acute angles are positive when produced by anticlockwise rotation from the optic axis, and negative when produced by clockwise rotation.
Cartesian sign convention
Let us take as an example an object 10 cm to the left of a converging lens of focal length 5 cm.
In this case the object distance is l (lower case L) and is negative, as it is to the left of the "origin" of the axes.The focal length of the lens is positive.The image is formed 10 cm to the right of the lens. This means that the image distance, l', is positive.
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Hope this will help you..
