Question

Hello....!!

Give Proper Definitions =>
(1) Budding
(2) Fragmentation
(3) Binary Fission
(4) Metabolism
(5) Catabolism
(6) Anabolism
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Answer 1

HEYA MATE HERE'S YOUR ANSWER FOR THE ABOVE QUESTION:

1) Budding

Budding is a type of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site. The small bulb like projection coming out from the yeast cell is called a bud.

2) Fragementation

Fragmentation in multicellular organisms is a form of asexual reproduction in which an organism is split into fragments. Each of these fragments develop into matured, fully grown individuals that are identical to their parents.

3) Binary Fission

Binary fission ("division in half") is a kind of asexual reproduction.In binary fission, the fully grown parent cell splits into two halves, producing two new cells.

4) Metabolism

the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

5) Catabolism

Catabolism is the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions. Catabolism breaks down large molecules into smaller units.

6) Anabolism

the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms from simpler ones together with the storage of energy; constructive metabolism

Answer 2

Many times we face problems with definitions mentioned in one way on one book, and in other way in other book which makes it critical. The exact definition is the one which can be exactly written, having full details without any confusion remaining in the answer.

[1] $\underline\bold{BUDDING \: :}$ This nethod is common is yeast. Here, the parent cell produces an outgrowth (called a bud). The bud grows and then gets detached from the parent body to lead an independent life. This process is known as budding.

[2] $\underline\bold{FRAGMENTATION \: :}$ Organisms like spirogyra, which are made up of long, ribbon like filaments, can reproduce by fragmentation. In this process, the filanent grows and divides into two or more parts (termed as fragmented parts). Each of these parts grows into an individual.

So, the exact definition will be THE BREAKING OF THE PLANT BODY INTO TWO OR MORE FRAGMENTS (PIECES) WHERE EACH FRAGMENT GROWS AMD MATURES TO FORM A NEW PLANT IS CALLED FRAGMENTATION.

[3] $\underline\bold{BINARY\: FISSION \: :}$ Lower plants like bacteria, reproduce by binary fission. BINARY means TWO and FISSION means SPLITTING. In this method, the matured cell gets ready to divide and hence the nucleus elongates. The nucleus divides and a wall is formed through the middle and at last two identical daughter cells are formed. This is shown in first figure.

[4] $\underline\bold{METABOLISM \: :}$

Metabolism is the process of metabolising certain metabolites or enzymes or proteins present in the body which are usually associated with providing energy to the human body.

But this definition is too childish and may not get accepted in senior studies.

So, the proper definition is "METABOLISM IS THE SUM OF ALL BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS OCCURRING IN THE LIVING CELL OF AN ORGANISM WHICH INVOLVES SYNTHESIS OF COMPLEX SUBSTANCE FROM SIMPLE SUBSTANCE WITH THE UTILISATION OF ENERGY AND BREAKDOWN OF COMPLEX SUBSTANCE INTO SIMPLER ONES WITH THE RELEASE OF ENERGY.

[5] $\underline\bold{CATABOLISM \: :}$. Catabolism is the destructive process by which complex molecules are broken into simpler units (simpler molecules), with the release of energy resulting into decrease in the dry weight of the organism.

[6] $\underline\bold{ANABOLISM \: :}$. Anabolism is the constructive process by which complex molecules are formed from simpler units (simpler molecules), with the utilisation of energy resulting into increase in the dry weight of the organism.

DIAGRAMMATIC REPRESENTATION :-

1] Binary fission in bacteria.

2] Differences between anabolism and catabolism.

3] Stages of budding in yeast.

4] Fragmentation in spyrogyra.