Question

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summary of chapter heridity and evolution

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Answer 1

The transmission of characters from parent to their offsprings is known as heredity.

The study of heredity and variations is known as genetics.Clones are those organisms which are the carbon copies of one another.Variation in sexually reproducing organisms are caused due to the following factors like environment, crossing over and recombination of genes and mutation.The first study of inheritance was done by Gregor Mendel on garden pea.Paired condition of chromosomes is known as diploid.Unpaired condition of chromosomes is known as haploid.DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid), RNA (Ribo Nucleic Acid) is the genetic material in all organisms.

2. Mendel’s laws of inheritance are

(i) Law of Dominance
(ii) Law of Segregation (Law of purjty of gametes)
(iii) Law of Independent Assortment

3. Genotype is the composition of genes present in an organism and the characteristic which is visible in an organism is called its phenotype.

Answer 2

heredity is the transmission of traits from one generation to the following generation

evolution it is a gradual process by which the present diversity of plants and animals arose from earliest and primitive organisms