Question

hello there.....
how enzymes Works By lock and key theory??Explain by giving an example..
and also give three examples of enzymes

Answer 1

The specific action of an enzyme with a single substrate can be explained using a Lock and Key analogy first postulated in 1894 by Emil Fischer. In this analogy, the lock is the enzyme and the key is the substrate. Only the correctly sized key (substrate) fits into the key hole (active site) of the lock (enzyme).
1. Lipase: They are found in most living organisms and perform essential roles in the digestion, transport, and processing of dietary lipids, fats, oils, etc. Some may also be found in viruses.

2. Amylase: They are enzymes that helps change starches into sugars. It is present in human saliva and in some other mammals. They help with digestion of foods that contain large amounts of starch, like potatoes and rice. The enzyme turns some of the starch into sugar, which is why when a person eats potatoes a sweet taste may be experienced.

3. Maltase: Also present in saliva, as well as the pancreas, breaks down sugars to form glucose.






Hope it helps you.

Answer 2

Your body requires enzyme reactions as catalysts to maintain life. The action of carbonic andydrase, for example, accelerates the movement of carbon dioxide from body cells into the blood by speedily converting carbon dioxide and water into bicarbonate ions, protons and carbonic acid. The blood transports these chemicals to the lungs, where they transform again so carbon dioxide can be released during respiration. Most of the 200 known enzymes are proteins and require a specific substrate that binds to an active site for the necessary chemical reaction to occur.
Enzymes Are Locks
Enzymes work like a lock in the chemical reaction process that's necessary to maintain life. The body contains many enzymes and many substrates, but for life to continue in a healthy manner, the correct enzyme must efficiently locate and unite with its specific substrate. Each enzyme can attract its specific substrate and accelerate the chemical reaction that must occur in the appropriate time span.
Enzymes Sites Are Keyholes
Each enzyme has receptor sites that allow specific substrates to enter and create a chemical reaction product. The enzyme sites work like the keyhole in a lock. Like the lock on a door, only certain keys will fit in the keyholes, and perhaps only one key will open the lock. Put the wrong key into the keyhole, and you can prevent the correct key from unlocking the door.
Substrates Are Keys
Each enzyme will only respond to one or two substrates, which work like keys for the enzyme lock. The molecular structure of the substrate must correspond in size and shape to the receptor site on the enzyme to produce the desired chemical response. When the enzyme locates its appropriate substrate, the substrate enters the receptor site and both the enzyme and substrate transform to create a complete union so the chemical reaction can occur. This modified lock and key model, known as the induced fit theory, also explains why some substrates, known as inhibitors, fit in the enzyme site but don’t create a chemical reaction.
Inhibitors Jam the Lock
Inhibitors work like a key that will enter the keyhole but cannot turn the lock tumblers because the teeth don't match the lock configuration. The inhibitors jam the receptor sites, slowing down or preventing the chemical reaction that would occur if the correct active substrate entered the site. This type of reaction can occur when you take a drug to reduce clotting in the arteries and veins but some empty receptor sites remain available so the appropriate substrate produces blood clotting when you sustain a cut or other wound.

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